Anatomy and Physiology of the Skeletal system Flashcards
(17 cards)
3 Main functions of the skeletal system
movement, protection and storage of minerals and fat
4 major types of bones
long, short, flat and irregular
Long bones contain what 2 types of marrow
yellow marrow that stores lipids aka fat, red bone marrow which is the site of blood cell production (RBC, WBC and platelets)
What kind of bone are in the wrist and ankle?
short bone i.e carpals and tarsals
Flat bone protect vital organs, what is an example of this type of bone
Ribs protect the heart and lungs
What is the functional unit of bone?
Osteons or Haversion systems are composed of calcium and phosphate rich hydroxyapatite embedded in collagen matrix and make up the tubular structure of bone
Bone is covered by a fibrous sheath called what?
periosteum containing nerves and blood vessels
What are the 2 main types of bone cells
Multinucleate osteoclasts and mononuclear osteoblasts
What do osteoclasts do?
Osteoclasts break down minerals of the matrix
Osteoblasts ____ cartilage and _____ mineral deposits that form the_____.
replace, secrete, matrix
The matrix of the bone is a
nonliving substance
What is osteoporosis
Osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals, the bones become weak and brittle
What does arthritis damage?
cartilage between the joints
What is brittle bone disease also known as osteogenesis imperfecta?
A genetic defect in the collagen matrix, the gene that code for collagen needed is missing and cause bones to break easily
What does hyaline cartilage do?
Prevent bones from grinding against each other, FRICTION
How does the skeletal and muscular system work together?
Skeletal muscles attach to bones and muscles are communicate with central nervous system. When the muscle gets a signal to contract from the central nervous system, the muscles contracts, moving the bone that is connected.
What breaks down bone material?
osteoCLASTS
