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Animal Science > Anatomy And Physiology unit 18 > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology unit 18 Flashcards

(83 cards)

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0
Q

Difference between vertebrates and invertebrates

A

Invertebrates- without a backbone

Vertebrates- with backbone

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1
Q

Three traits that all organisms must have to be in the Animal Kingdom

A
  1. Animals made up of cells
  2. Animals can move about on their own
  3. Animals get their food from other sources
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2
Q

Know the 3 main classes of animals that man has domesticated

A

Aves, Osteichthyes, mammalia

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3
Q

Aves examples

A

Chicken
Turkey
Ducks
Geese

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4
Q

Osteichthyes examples

A

Trout
Tilapia
Salmon
Baitfish

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5
Q

Mammalia examples

A 
Hogs
Cattle
Sheep 
Goat
Horses
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6
Q

Cattle of European origin

A

Bos Taurus

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7
Q

Cattle of Indian origin

A

Bos Indicus

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8
Q

Hogs

A

Sus scrofa

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9
Q

Sheep

A

Ovis Aries

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10
Q

Spanish goat

A

Capra pyrenaica

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11
Q

Identify 8 life processes

A
  1. Getting and using food
  2. Movement
  3. Circulation
  4. Respiration
  5. Growth and repair
  6. Secretion
  7. Sensation
  8. Reproduction
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12
Q

Getting and using food

A

Provides nutrients for the animal to carry out normal life processes

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13
Q

Movement

A

Includes processes that occur internally as well as locomotive

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14
Q

Circulation

A

Is the moving of blood nutrients oxygen and wastes throughout the body

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15
Q

Respiration

A

Provides oxygen and nutrients to cells

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16
Q

Growth and repair

A

Growth is the increasing of the number and size of cells, and repair is the replacing of cells that have been damaged or that no longer function

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17
Q

Secretion

A

Is the production of liquid substances containing hormones and other material

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18
Q

Sensation

A

Is the ability for the animal to respond to the environment

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19
Q

reproduction

A

Is the process by which new members of a species are created

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20
Q

Cell membrane

A

Regulates what enters and exits the cell

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21
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls cell activity

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22
Q

Nucleolus

A

Contains the DNA templates for ribosomal RNA

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23
Q

Golgi body

A

Part of the cell that produces, sorts, and modifies protein

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24
Mitochondria
Part of the cell that converts food into energy through respiration
25
Cytoplasm
The living material inside the cell
26
Lysosomes
Saclike cellular organelle that contains various enzymes
27
ER
Functions in the transport of materials within the cell
28
Ribosomes
Any of the RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis
29
Mitosis
Growth and repair
30
Meiosis
Sexual reproduction
31
Epithelial tissue
Covers the body surfaces and lines the body cavities. Main organ system of epithelial tissue is the skin
32
Connective tissue
Holds and supports body parts
33
Muscular tissue
Creates movements of the body parts
34
Nervous tissue
Responds to stimuli and transmits nerve impulses
35
Anatomy
Study of the outside of the animal (form shape and appearance)
36
Physiology
The study of the inside of the animal (cells tissues organs and systems of an organism
37
Homeostasis
The ability of an organism to maintain a relative stable internal environment
38
Two major kinds of bones
Compact and cancellous
39
Short bones
Cube shaped. Make up small carpal and tarsal bones
40
Flat bones
Two layers of compact bone with a layer of cancellous bone between. Flat bones make up much of the skull Ribs
41
Irregular bones
Complex bones with varying shapes Vertebrae and facial bones
42
Sesame bone
Is a small and embedded in the tendon of animals This bone is about the size of a sesame seed
43
Long bone
Are the bones that are longer than they are wide. Examples of these bones are in the leg arms ribs hands and feet. Long bones are divided into the diaphysis and the epiphysis
44
Epiphysis
The enlarged ends of the bone
45
Diaphysis
Shank portion of the bone
46
Metaphysis
Are where epiphysis and diaphysis join together
47
Periosteum
Is the fibrous covering around the bone and is the attachment site for ligaments and tendons
48
Medullary cavity
Is the hallow are of the bone
49
Endosteum
The lining of the medullary cavity
50
Marrow
The fibrous tissue of the medullary cavity and is the site of blood cell formation
51
Cortex
Is the compact bone surrounding the medullary cavity
52
Muscular system
Acquires material and energy as it creates body movement, maintains posture, supports the body and produces heat
53
Skeletal system
Provides the framework for the body. Major components are the bones and cartilage
54
Digestive system
Is a long hallow tube that runs from the mouth to the anus of an animal and it breaks food into smaller parts that are used by the body
55
Respiratory system
Is involved with the exchange of gasses, mainly oxygen and carbon dioxide. It also maintains blood ph by expelling CO2
56
Circulatory system
The system moves nutrients, oxygen and metabolic wastes throughout the body
57
Excretory system
Is the system responsible for ridding the body of waste products
58
Lymphatic system
Circulates a clear fluid through the body to protect the body from disease. The system also transports excess tissue fluid to the blood and helps provide immunity against diseases.
59
Nervous system
Helps to coordinate body activities. It also regulates other systems and controls learning and memory.
60
Integumentary system
The skin- first line of defense from outside dangers and helps regulate the body temperature
61
Reproductive system
Is for the production of offspring from the same species
62
Epidermis
The outer layer of skin
63
Dermis
Middle layer of skin
64
Subcutaneous tissue
The innermost layer of skin and is the thickest layer of skin
65
Muscular system organ
Muscles
66
Skeletal system organ
Bones
67
Digestive system organ
Stomach, intestine, or the tube from the mouth to the anus
68
Respiratory system organ
Lungs
69
Circulatory system organ
Heart
70
Excretory system organ
Bladder
71
Lymphatic system organ
Lymph nodes
72
Nervous system organ
Brain
73
Integumentary system organ
Skin
74
Reproductive system organ
Ovaries
75
5 senses
``` Sight Smell Touch Taste Hearing ```
76
Two main types of digestive system
Ruminant- more than one stomach | Monogastric- one stomach
77
Ruminant examples
``` Cattle Sheep Deer Camel Elk Moose ```
78
Monogastric example
Horse Pigs Chicken Human
79
Omasum
No known function
80
Abomasum
True stomach
81
Rumen
Largest section and is a fermentation/mixing vat
82
Reticulum
It has many folds, resembles a honeycomb pattern, and initiated regurgitation

Animal Science (1 decks)

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