Anatomy: back - bones Flashcards
Label the 5 regions of the spine, and the number of vertebrae within them
Coccyx is made of 3-5 fused vertebrae
What are the 2 types of curvatures of the spine?
In early life, describe the spine curvature.
In adults, describe the spine curvature. Why does the spine change to this shape?
How to remember the two types of curvatures?
Label the vertebrae
Vertebrae:
- Does the size of vertebral bodies increase as you go down the vertebral column?
- Within vertebrae, the hole is called the ____________. When you put these together (for the whole spine), the hole is called the _____________.
- What two structures attach muscles and ligaments?
- Are there both superior and inferior articular processes/facets?
- Difference between articular processes and facets?
Yes
Vertebral foramen, vertebral canal.
Spinous and transverse processes
Yes
Process - spiky bit, doesn’t articulate; facet: articular surface
VERTEBRAE
- The superior and inferior facets of the transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae form the _________________ _________ .
- What structure does this transmit?
Intervertebral foramen
The neurovascular bundle
VERTEBRAE
- The superior and inferior facets of the transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae form the _________________ _________ .
- What structure does this transmit?
Intervertebral foramen
The neurovascular bundle
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
C1: label the key features (superior view)
- Purple are unique to C1
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
C2:
- What is the anterior projection called?
- What is its developmental origin
The dens
What was the vertebral body of C1 during development went on to form the dens
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
C3-C7 (typical vertebrae)
- Label the following (superior view)
- Purple are unique to cervical vertebrae
- Bifid spinous process, vertebral foramen
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
What is unique about the C7 spinous process?
Is not bifid
Has vertebra prominens
THORACIC VERTEBRAE
3 types of facets?
Transverse processes:
- Have COSTAL FACETS which articulate with rib tubercles (costotransverse joints)
Vertebral bodies:
- Have COSTAL FACETS and COSTAL DEMIFACETS which articulate with rib heads (costovertebral joints)
SACRAL VERTEBRAE
Label the following
SACRAL VERTEBRAE
- During development, describe the joints between individual sacral vertebrae
- What happens over time
During development, it is a primary cartilaginous joint (synchondrosis).
Over time, the segments fuse to form a synostosis
