Anatomy Chapter 6

Question 1

What part of the bone forms a tough covering and contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves?

Answer 1

Periosteum

Question 2

What statement about joint movement is TRUE?

Answer 2

Extension occurs when a joint is straightened.

Question 3

A health professional is skilled in applying and removing casts as well as adjusting braces, prosthetic devices, and mobility aids. What type of profession is this individual in?

Answer 3

Orthopedic technologist

Question 4

Which condition is due to an abnormal exaggerated curvature in the thoracic region of the spine?

Answer 4

Kyphosis

Question 5

What occurs during the soft callus formation stage of bone repair?

Answer 5

Cartilage fills into the space between the fractured bones.

Question 6

Which bones are included in the axial skeleton?

Answer 6

Spinal column

Question 7

The medullary cavity is a storage area for _________.

Answer 7

bone marrow

Question 8

The bone cells in compact bone are organized into what microscopic structure?

Answer 8

Osteons

Question 9

Which joint is capable of circumduction?

Answer 9

Shoulder

Question 10

Where is the occipital bone located?

Answer 10

At the back of the skull

Question 11

The first seven vertebrae are called _________ vertebrae.

Answer 11

cervical

Question 12

What is one purpose of spongy bone?

Answer 12

It helps make the bone lighter in weight.

Question 13

What is step 4 in the endochondral ossification process?

Answer 13

Osteoclasts begin to break down spongy bone to create the medullary cavity.

Question 14

What type of cartilage is located on the ends of bones and acts as a shock absorber?

Answer 14

Articular cartilage

Question 15

What bone surface structure forms a large, rounded knob?

Answer 15

Condyle

Question 16

What type of joint is held together by short connective tissue strands?

Answer 16

Fibrous joints

Question 17

What type of activity makes bones thicker, denser, and stronger?

Answer 17

Running

Question 18

Which type of bone is typically found in the wrists and ankles?

Answer 18

Short bones

Question 19

Which ribs are the “true” ribs?

Answer 19

Pairs 1 to 7

Question 20

The production of red blood cells is called __________.

Answer 20

erythropoiesis

Question 21

A patient is diagnosed with a fracture to a bone in the forearm. Which bone could be fractured?

Answer 21

Radius

Question 22

What type of movement does a saddle joint have?

Answer 22

It rocks up and down and side to side.

Question 23

On an archeological trip, you find a skeleton. How will you determine if the skeleton is male or female?

Answer 23

The female has a greater pubic angle.

Question 24

A child enters the emergency department with a fractured bone. The x-ray indicates that one side of the bone is fractured and the other side is only bent. What type of fracture is this?

Answer 24

Greenstick fracture

Question 25

What is the function of an osteoblast?

Answer 25

It secretes a matrix of calcium and other minerals to form bones.

Question 26

When articular cartilage becomes brittle, it can lead to what condition?

Answer 26

Arthritis

Question 27

What physiological process causes osteoporosis?

Answer 27

Osteoclasts tear down more bone than osteoblasts form.

Question 28

Which joint disorder is a secondary disorder due to metabolic dysfunction?

Answer 28

Gout

Question 29

If a patient has significant pain in a joint because the protective layer of cartilage has worn away, what treatment option may an orthopedic surgeon recommend?

Answer 29

Joint replacement

Question 30

A patient complains of a sore arm after a fall down the steps. An x-ray shows a slight fracture that is barely visible. What type of fracture is this?

Answer 30

Hairline fracture