Anatomy Chp 2

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has weight

Question 2

Physical Change

Answer 2

Only changes the physical appearance.

Question 3

Chemical Change

Answer 3

When the matter has been transformed into something else.

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

Matter that is composed of atoms that have the same number of positive charges in their nuclei

Question 5

The most abundant elements found in the body are:

Answer 5

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They make up 96% of the body.

Question 6

Trace elements are :

Answer 6

Found in tiny amounts

Question 7

Subatomic Particles

Answer 7

protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 8

Where are the protons and neutrons located?

Answer 8

in the nucleus

Question 9

What electrical charge does a proton carry?

Answer 9

Positive

Question 10

What electrical charge does a neutron carry?

Answer 10

none

Question 11

Where are the electrons located?

Answer 11

In the shells or orbits surrounding the nucleus

Question 12

What type of electrical charge does an electron have?

Answer 12

Negative

Question 13

Atomic Mass

Answer 13

Determined by adding the protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 14

Atomic Number

Answer 14

Number of protons in the nucleus

Question 15

Isotope

Answer 15

Different form of the same atom with the same atomic number but different atomic mass.

Question 16

Radioisotope

Answer 16

Unstable isotope

Question 17

Radioactivity

Answer 17

Process of spontaneous decay

Question 18

Where are the electrons located important in chemical bonding of an atom

Answer 18

the outermost shell

Question 19

Chemical Bond

Answer 19

Electrical attraction between atoms

Question 20

Ionic Bond

Answer 20

Caused by a transfer of electrons

Question 21

Covalent Bond

Answer 21

Sharing of electrons

Question 22

Organic Chemistry

Answer 22

The study of carbon-containing substances

Question 23

Inorganic Chemistry

Answer 23

The study of non-carbon-containing substances.

Question 24

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 24

Weak intermolecur bond formed between hydrogen and a negatively charged atom

Question 25

Polar Molecule

Answer 25

A molecule that has a lopsided charge

Question 26

Ions

Answer 26

Atoms that carry an electrical charge

Question 27

Cation

Answer 27

A positively charged ion

Question 28

Anion

Answer 28

A negatively charged ion.

Question 29

Electrolyte

Answer 29

Substance that forms ions when it dissolves in water

Question 30

Ionization

Answer 30

the dissociation process

Question 31

Molecule

Answer 31

When 2 or more atoms bond

Question 32

Compound

Answer 32

Substance that contains molecules formed by 2 or more different atoms

Question 33

Chemical reaction

Answer 33

procsess where the atoms of a molecule or compounds interact to form a new chemical combination

Question 34

Catalyst

Answer 34

Chemical substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 35

Enzymes

Answer 35

When proteins preform the role of catalysts

Question 36

Acid

Answer 36

An electrolyte that dissociates into hydrogen ion and an anion

Question 37

Strong Acid

Answer 37

Dissociates completely into hydrogen ion and an anion

Question 38

Weak Acid

Answer 38

does not dissociate completely

Question 39

Base

Answer 39

Substances that combine with hydrogen ion and has a bitter taste and slippery like soap

Question 40

pH

Answer 40

A unit of measurement that indicates how many hydrogen ions are in a solution

Question 41

pH scale

Answer 41

Ranging from 0-14. pH of 7 is neutral

Question 42

pH less than 7

Answer 42

Acid

Question 43

pH more than 7

Answer 43

Alkaline

Question 44

Acidosis

Answer 44

Imbalance caused by excess hb concentration in the blood causing the blood pH to decrease below 7.35 respitory acidosis/metabolic acidosis

Question 45

Alkalosis

Answer 45

Imbalance associated with a decrease in hb concentration and increase in blood pH higher than 7.45

Question 46

Energy

Answer 46

ability to preform work

Question 47

Mechanical Energy

Answer 47

movement

Question 48

Chemical Energy

Answer 48

Stored within the chemical bonds holding the atoms together

Question 49

Thermal energy

Answer 49

heat

Question 50

Radiant energy

Answer 50

Light

Question 51

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 51

Energy storing and energy transferring molecule found in all cells

Question 52

Mixtures

Answer 52

Combinations of 2 or more substances that can be seperated physically

Question 53

Solutions

Answer 53

mixtures

Question 54

Solute

Answer 54

Substances present in the smaller amount (substance being dissolved) such as salt in salt water

Question 55

Solvent

Answer 55

Part of the solution present in the greater amount (water in salt water) usually liquid or gas

Question 56

Aqueous Solution

Answer 56

water is the solvent

Question 57

Tincture

Answer 57

Alcohol is the solvent

Question 58

Suspensions

Answer 58

Mixtures where the particles are relatively large and tend to settle at the bottom unless shaken continuously

Question 59

Colloidal suspension

Answer 59

particles do not dissolve but are so small that they remain suspended within the liquid even when not shaken

Question 60

Colloid

Answer 60

Gel like substance that resembles egg whites

Question 61

precipitate

Answer 61

the solid result of a precipitation reaction ( kidney stones)

Question 62

Valence

Answer 62

of electrons an atom must lose or gain to complete its outermost orbital

Question 63

H

Answer 63

Hydrogen

Question 64

O

Answer 64

Oxygen

Question 65

C

Answer 65

Carbon

Question 66

N

Answer 66

Nitrogen

Question 67

Na

Answer 67

Sodium

Question 68

Cl

Answer 68

Chlorine

Question 69

Ca

Answer 69

Calcium

Question 70

P

Answer 70

Phosporus

Question 71

K

Answer 71

Potassium

Question 72

S

Answer 72

Sulfur

Question 73

Mg

Answer 73

Magnesium

Question 74

Fe

Answer 74

Iron

Question 75

3.8% of the body is made up of

Answer 75

Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, magnesium

Question 76

0.2%

Answer 76

Trace Elements

Question 77

65% of body mass

Answer 77

Oxygen