Anatomy For Repro

Question 1

What kind of joint is the pubic symphysis

Answer 1

Secondary cartilaginous

Question 2

Which muscle is present on the posterior wall of the pelvis

Answer 2

The piriformis

Question 3

Which nerve network lies on the piriformis

Answer 3

The sacral plexus

Question 4

What divides the pelvis from the perineum

Answer 4

Pelvis floor/diaphragm

Question 5

Borders of the pelvic outlet

Answer 5

Posterior - tip of coccyx
Lateral - ischial tuberosities and inferior margin of sacrotuberous ligament
- anterior - pubic arch

Question 6

What type of joint is the sacroiliac

Answer 6

Synovial …

Question 7

Which part of the rectum drains into the portal circulation

Answer 7

The superior

Question 8

Which part of the rectum drains to the systemic circulation

Answer 8

Middle and inferior

Question 9

Why may haemorrhoids be associated with liver cirrhosis

Answer 9

Sign of portal hypertension

Question 10

Which venous plexus does the prostatic venous plexus communicate on its posterior side

Answer 10

The internal vertebral venous plexus

Question 11

Where does prostate cancer commonly spread and why

Answer 11

Bones (vertebrae) because the prostatic venous plexus communicates on its posterior side with the internal vertebral venous plexus

Question 12

Innervation of the penis

Answer 12

Pudendal nerve (S1-S2)

Question 13

What does the hypogastric plexus supply

Answer 13

Sympathetic supply to vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and epididymis
Parasympathetic supply to erectile tissues of both males and females - corpora cavernosa and spongiosa

Question 14

After surgery why are some men unable to ejaculate

Answer 14

Spermatic cord damage

Question 15

Where does the internal iliac lymph nodes drain from

Answer 15

Gluteal region, deep perineum and inferior pelvic viscera

Question 16

Where do the common iliac lymph nodes drain from

Answer 16

External, Internal and Sacral lymph nodes

Question 17

Why are the male gonads located outside the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 17

Keep cooler than the rest of the body

Question 18

what are the main contents of the spermatic cord

Answer 18

Vans deferens, testicular artery, pamniform plexus, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Question 19

What is the tough fibrous outer coating of the testis

Answer 19

Tunica albugina

Question 20

What is external covering of the testis

Answer 20

Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layer

Question 21

Where is fluid located in a hydrocele

Answer 21

Within the tunica vaginalis

Question 22

What is the name for blood in the tunica vaginalis

Answer 22

Haematocele

Question 23

How could you differentiate between a hydrocele and a haematocele

Answer 23

Light can’t pass through haematocele but transiluminates hydrocele

Question 24

What is the blood supply of the testes and where does this artery arise from the abdominal aorta

Answer 24

Testicular artery from L2

Question 25

What is the venous drainage of the testis | What is their function

Answer 25

Pampiniform plexus | Cool down arterial blood before it reaches the testicles

Question 26

Where does the right testicular vein drain to

Answer 26

IVC

Question 27

Where does the left testicular vein drain to

Answer 27

Left renal vein

Question 28

What is a varicocele

Answer 28

Gross dilatation of the veins draining the testis

Question 29

Which 2 lymph node groups receive lymph from the testicles

Answer 29

Lumbar and preaortic

Question 30

Where does the vas deferens terminate

Answer 30

Joining the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct

Question 31

Where is seminal fluid produced

Answer 31

Seminal glands/vesicles

Question 32

Where is sperm produced

Answer 32

The seminiferous tubules of the testes

Question 33

What secretions are produced by the prostate gland

Answer 33

Proteolytic enzymes which break down clotting factor in ejaculate

Question 34

Where do bulbourethral glands empty their secretions

Answer 34

Empty into the proximal spongy urethra

Question 35

What do bulbourethral glands secrete

Answer 35

Lubricating mucus secretion

Question 36

What type of muscle is the internal anal sphincter

Answer 36

Smooth

Question 37

Where does the prostate lymph drain to

Answer 37

Pre-aortic lymph nodes

Question 38

Name of the space between the uterus and rectum

Answer 38

Recto-uterine pouch

Question 39

Peritonisation of the rectum

Answer 39

``` Top = anterior and lateral Middle = anterior Bottom = extraperitoneal ```

Question 40

Sections of the male urethra

Answer 40

Pre-prostatic Prostatic part Membranous part Spongy part

Question 41

Which structures combine to form the ejacutlatory duct

Answer 41

Vas deferens and seminal vesicle

Question 42

Thick outer covering of the testis

Answer 42

Tunica vaginalis

Question 43

What form the inferior pelvic aperture

Answer 43

Sacrotuberous Ischiopubic rami

Question 44

Attachment of the piriformis

Answer 44

Through the greater sciatic foramen to greater trochanter of the femur

Question 45

Attachment of obturator internus

Answer 45

Through lesser sciatic foramen to insert into greater trochanter of the femur

Question 46

Action of piriformis and obturator internus on hip joint

Answer 46

Lateral rotators

Question 47

Action of the levator anii muscle

Answer 47

Maintain position of rectum, urethra and vagina/maintain continence In a state of tonic contraction Also move the posterior anterior and up

Question 48

Innervation of levator anii

Answer 48

S2,3,4 --> keeps poo off the floor

Question 49

Internal pudendal artery path

Answer 49

Out through greater sciatic foramen, around the sacrospinous ligament to then enter the lesser sciatic foramen

Question 50

Major branches of the internal iliac artery

Answer 50

``` Superior gluteal artery Inferior gluteal Internal pudendal Obturator Umbilical (obliterated) ```

Question 51

Root value of pudendal nerve

Answer 51

S2, 3, 4