Anatomy Foundations Obj. 08/11/17

Question 1

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 1

Head and face forward, limbs at the side with palms facing forward, and lower limbs close together w/ feet and toes forward

Question 2

Median

Answer 2

Divides the body into left and right halves

Question 3

Sagittal

Answer 3

Vertical planes parallel to median

Question 4

Frontal

Answer 4

Dividing the body into a front and back

Question 5

Transverse

Answer 5

Dividing the body into upper and lower parts

Question 6

Superior

Answer 6

Moving up towards head

Question 7

Inferior

Answer 7

Moving down towards feet

Question 8

Anterior

Answer 8

Towards front

Question 9

Posterior

Answer 9

Towards back

Question 10

Medial

Answer 10

Towards median plane

Question 11

Lateral

Answer 11

Away from median plane

Question 12

Proximal

Answer 12

Towards center of attach

Question 13

Distal

Answer 13

Further from center of attachment

Question 14

Flexion

Answer 14

Decreasing angle between parts

Question 15

Extension

Answer 15

Increasing angle between parts

Question 16

Abduction

Answer 16

Moving away from median plane

Question 17

Adduction

Answer 17

Moving towards median plane

Question 18

Rotation

Answer 18

Moving limb around long axis (medial or lateral)

Question 19

Circumduction

Answer 19

Circular movement of limbs

Question 20

Pronation

Answer 20

Medial rotation so dorsum is anterior

Question 21

Supination

Answer 21

Palms anterior (anatomical position)

Question 22

Plantarflexion

Answer 22

Toes to the ground

Question 23

Dorsiflexion

Answer 23

Toes in the air

Question 24

Inversion

Answer 24

Turning sole of foot in

Question 25

Eversion

Answer 25

Turning sole of foot out

Question 26

Elevation

Answer 26

Lifting a part

Question 27

Depression

Answer 27

Lowering a part

Question 28

Protrusion

Answer 28

Pushing jaw anteriorly

Question 29

Retraction

Answer 29

Pulling jaw posteriorly

Question 30

What is the integumentary system

Answer 30

Skin - largest organ

Question 31

What are its 4 layers?

Answer 31

1. Epidermis 2. Dermis 3. Subcutaneous Tissue 4. Deep Fascia

Question 32

Is the epidermis avascular? What does that mean? Does the outermost layer continually shed?

Answer 32

Yes. It lacks blood vessels. And yes.

Question 33

What structural protein is found in the dermis? What does it cause?

Answer 33

Collagen; wrinkles and tension lines

Question 34

What are stretchmarks?

Answer 34

Collagen fibers damaged by overstretching

Question 35

What kind of follicles does collagen contain?

Answer 35

Hair follicles with arrector muscles

Question 36

What do arrector muscles do?

Answer 36

Help hairs to stand (goosebumps)

Question 37

What do the hair help to do?

Answer 37

Secrete oils from sebaceous glands

Question 38

What is another name for subcutaneous tissue?

Answer 38

Superficial fascia

Question 39

What does the sub contain?

Answer 39

Loose connective tissue and fat

Question 40

Subcutaneous tissue is the base of what?

Answer 40

Sebaceous glands, vessels, and cutaneous nerves

Question 41

What is the deep fascia? Is it present throughout the body?

Answer 41

Connective tissue without fat; Yes

Question 42

What 5 things does the deep fascia contain?

Answer 42

1. Retinacula 2. Intermuscular septa 3. Investing fascia 4. Bursae 5. Subserous fascia

Question 43

Retinacula

Answer 43

Deep fascia holding tendons in place

Question 44

Intermucscular Septa

Answer 44

Deep fascia dividing muscles

Question 45

Investing Fascia

Answer 45

Deep fascia surround structures

Question 46

Bursae

Answer 46

Deep fascial sacs containing fluid to aid motion

Question 47

Subserous Fascia

Answer 47

Deep fascia between body cavities and musculoskeletal walls

Question 48

What are the 3 types of muscle?

Answer 48

1. Skeletal muscle 2. Cardiac striated muscle 3. Smooth muscle

Question 49

Skeletal muscle

Answer 49

Moves bones and other structures

Question 50

Cardiac Striated Muscle

Answer 50

Most of walls of the heart and part of great vessels

Question 51

Smooth Muscle

Answer 51

Walls of most vessels and some organs

Question 52

What are the head and belly for skeletal muscle?

Answer 52

Contractile fleshy part

Question 53

What are tendons? (aponeuroses)

Answer 53

Nonconctractile white part

Question 54

Is there a trade off of power during muscle contraction

Answer 54

Yes

Question 55

Muscle function is linked to what 3 things?

Answer 55

1. Orientation of the muscle 2. Join it crosses 3. Position compared to joint it crosses

Question 56

What is the articular system

Answer 56

Joints

Question 57

What are 3 types of joints?

Answer 57

1. Fibrous joints 2. Cartilaginous joins 3. Synovial joints

Question 58

Fibrous joints

Answer 58

Unite bones by fibrous tissue

Question 59

Where can fibrous joints be found for example?

Answer 59

Bones of cranium

Question 60

Cartilaginous joins

Answer 60

Unite bones by hyaline cartilage

Question 61

Where can cartilaginous joints be found?

Answer 61

Vertebral column

Question 62

Synovial Joints

Answer 62

Unite bones w/ potenial space and synovial fluid

Question 63

Where is a synovial joint found?

Answer 63

Knee

Question 64

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 64

Drains excess fluids, infectious materials, and debris

Question 65

What can happen in the lymphatic system that makes it extremely important?

Answer 65

Metastasis of cancer