Anatomy: Language of Anatomy Chapter 1

Question 1

Facial

Answer 1

fascia: Latin = band or bandage, hence the fibrous wrapping of muscles - deep fascia, or the subcutaneous layer of fatty connective tissue - superficial fascia, adjective, fascial.

Question 2

Cranial

Answer 2

cranium: Greek kranion = skull. (In anthropology = skull minus mandible) adjective - cranial.

Question 3

Cervical

Answer 3

.cervical: adjective, Latin cervix = neck, hence, pertaining to the neck.

Question 4

cephalic

Answer 4

cephalic: adjective, Greek kephale = head.

Question 5

Frontal

Answer 5

frontal: adjective, Latin frontis = of the forehead, or coronal.

Question 6

Orbital

Answer 6

orbit: Latin orbis = circle; the name given to the bony socket in which the eyeball rotates; adjective - orbital.

Question 7

Nasal

Answer 7

nasal: adjective, Latin nasus = nose; hence, pertaining to the nose

Question 8

Oral

Answer 8

oral: Latin oris = a mouth, hence, pertaining to the mouth.

Question 9

Mental

Answer 9

mental: adjective - Latin mentum = chin; or Latin mens = mind.

Question 10

Thoracic

Answer 10

thorax: Greek = the chest, adjective, thoracic.

Question 11

Sternal

Answer 11

sternum: Greek sternon = chest or breast; adjective, sternal.

Question 12

Auxiliary

Answer 12

axilla: Latin armpit

Question 13

Mammary

Answer 13

mamma: Latin = breast; adjective - mammary.

Question 14

Abdominal

Answer 14

abdomen: Latin abdomen = the belly, the part of the trunk between thorax and the perineum, adjective - abdominal.

Question 15

Umbilical

Answer 15

umbilicus: Latin = the navel.

Question 16

Pelvic

Answer 16

pelvis: Latin = basin, adjective - pelvic.

Question 17

Inguinal

Answer 17

inguinal: adjective, Latin inguen = groin.

Question 18

Pubic

Answer 18

genital area

Question 19

Acromial

Answer 19

acromion: Greek akros = summit (cf. Acropolis) and omos = shoulder, hence, the tip of the shoulder.

Question 20

brachial

Answer 20

branchia: Greek = gills, adjective - branchial. Front upper arm muscle that you flex to show off.

Question 21

Antecubital

Answer 21

“pit” on elbow

Question 22

Oleranal

Answer 22

Elbow

Question 23

Antebrachial

Answer 23

branchia: Greek = gills, adjective - branchial. Back of upper arm muscle that you flex to show off.

Question 24

Carpal

Answer 24

Wrist

Question 25

Manus

Answer 25

hand

Question 26

Pollex

Answer 26

thumb

Question 27

Metacarpal

Answer 27

back of hand

Question 28

Palmar

Answer 28

palm

Question 29

Digital

Answer 29

fingers & Toes

Question 30

Coxal

Answer 30

hip

Question 31

Femoral

Answer 31

thigh

Question 32

Patellar

Answer 32

knee cap

Question 33

Popliteal

Answer 33

knee cap "pit"

Question 34

Cural

Answer 34

leg

Question 35

Sural

Answer 35

calf

Question 36

Fibular

Answer 36

outside side of leg

Question 37

Pedal

Answer 37

foot

Question 38

Tarsal

Answer 38

ankle

Question 39

Calcaneal

Answer 39

heel

Question 40

Metatarsal

Answer 40

top of foot

Question 41

Plantar

Answer 41

bottom of foot

Question 42

Hallux

Answer 42

big toe

Question 43

Otic

Answer 43

ear

Question 44

Occipital

Answer 44

back of head

Question 45

Cervical

Answer 45

back of neck

Question 46

Scapular

Answer 46

shoulder blade

Question 47

Vertebreal

Answer 47

middle of back

Question 48

Lumbar

Answer 48

lower back

Question 49

Sacral

Answer 49

"tail" bone on spinal column

Question 50

Gluteal

Answer 50

butts!

Question 51

Perineal

Answer 51

Between anus and genitalia

Question 52

Anterior/ventral

Answer 52

Front view of body

Question 53

Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 53

back view of body

Question 54

Superior

Answer 54

Toward the head or end or the upper structure or the body; above

Question 55

Inferior

Answer 55

away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

Question 56

Medial

Answer 56

Toward or at the midline.

Question 57

Lateral

Answer 57

lateral: adjective, Latin latus = side, hence, nearer the side.

Question 58

Intermediate

Answer 58

interdigitate: Latin inter = between, and digitus = a digit. Hence, to interlock like fingers.

Question 59

Proximal

Answer 59

proximal: adjective, Latin proxime = nearest; hence, nearer to the root of a limb.

Question 60

Distal

Answer 60

distal: adjective, Latin di = apart, and stans = standing, hence, standing apart, implying farther from a given point, usually the root of a limb.

Question 61

Superficial

Answer 61

superficial: adjective, Latin super = above, and facies = surface; hence, nearer the surface.

Question 62

Deep

Answer 62

Internal; away from the body surface

Question 63

Frontal Plane aka: Coronal Plane

Answer 63

Divide the body into anterior and posterior parts

Question 64

Median Plane aka: Midsagittal Plane

Answer 64

Midline division of the body. right down the nose

Question 65

Transverse Plane

Answer 65

"horizontal' plane.

Question 66

Sagittal Plane

Answer 66

Divides into right and left parts offset from the midline.

Question 67

Oblique Plane

Answer 67

Diagonally cut sections.

Question 68

Cranial Cavity

Answer 68

cranium: Greek kranion = skull. (In anthropology = skull minus mandible) adjective - cranial.

Question 69

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 69

vertebra: Latin verto = I turn; hence, one of the movable bones of the backbone which seems to be shaped for rotation.

Question 70

Thoracic cavity(3 parts)

Answer 70

thorax: Greek = the chest, adjective, thoracic.

Question 71

Dorsal Body cavities(2)

Answer 71

Back Side Body cavities; cranial and vertebral

Question 72

Vental Body Cavities(3)

Answer 72

Front side body cavities; Abdominal, pelvic, and thoracic.

Question 73

Superior Mediastinum

Answer 73

superior: adjective, comparative of Latin superus = above. mediastinum: derivation doubtful, but possibly from Latin medius = middle, and stans = standing; hence, a median vertical partition, adjective - mediastinal.

Question 74

Pleural Cavity

Answer 74

pleura: Greek = a rib. Later used to name the serous membrane lining the chest walls and the lung on each side.

Question 75

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 75

within the mediastinum. | pericardium: Greek peri = around, and kardia = heart; hence, the membranes enclosing the heart.

Question 76

Diaphram

Answer 76

diaphragm: Greek dia = across, and phragma = wall, hence, a partition, adjective - diaphragmatic (see also phrenic).

Question 77

Serosa Membrane

Answer 77

serous: Latin = like serum. Covers the walls of the ventral cavities and the outer surfaces of the organs it contains. This double membrane

Question 78

Parietal Serosa

Answer 78

Lining the cavity walls.

Question 79

Visceral Serosa

Answer 79

Covering the organs in the cavity

Question 80

Umbilical region

Answer 80

is the centermost region deep to and surrounding the umbilicus.

Question 81

Epigastric region

Answer 81

is located superior to the umbilical region

Question 82

Hypogastric region

Answer 82

is located inferior to the umbilical region. (pubic area)

Question 83

Right, Left Iliac regions

Answer 83

are located lateral to the hypogastric region

Question 84

right, left lumbar regions

Answer 84

lie lateral to the umbilical region

Question 85

Hypochondriac regions

Answer 85

lie lateral to the epigastric region

Question 86

Physiology

Answer 86

The functioning of specific organs or organ systems.

Question 87

Anatomy

Answer 87

Where specific things are in the body

Question 88

Homeostasis

Answer 88

Dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment.