ANATOMY: Leg, Ankle, Foot

Question 1

Label this

Answer 1

Tibial tuberosity - insertion for the quadriceps tendons.
Soleal line - where the muscles attach onto

Question 2

Answer 2

a little bit of dorsiflex for the interosseous tibiofibular ligament

(mostly you want stability and allowing movement of the joint rather than causing movement)

Question 3

What is the function of the interosseous membrane?

Answer 3

Interosseous membrane runs from the interosseous border of the tibia to the interosseous border of the fibula.
This membrane separates the leg into anterior and posterior compartments.
Tibia and fibula are triangular in shape.

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Label and describe the tarsal bones of the foot

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the achillies tendon?

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the ankle and foot joints?

Answer 9

Tibiotalar (Talocrural): the actual ankle joint: Hinge-dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
Subtalar: eversion and inversion
Transverse tarsal (green and blue line): Calcaneocuboid, Talocalcaneonavicular
Metatarsophalangeal
Interphalangeal

Question 10

Label this

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the different movements of the feet?

Answer 11

The midline is the second toe.

Question 12

Answer 12

Note the Articular surface of the talus is narrower posteriorally
Hinge type joint, main movements are plantar and dorsiflexion
The narrowness of the talus posteriorly means that the joint is more unstable when it is plantar flexed. This means that in the plantar flexed position, there is ‘wiggle room’, allowing for eversion/inversaion and abduction/adduction

Question 13

Label and describe the medial ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 13

Medial ligament is also called the deltoid ligament (cause the borders make a triangle shape)
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament runs between the sustentaculum tali of calcaneus bone and the tuberosity of navicular bone.

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Long + short ligament runs from the metatarsals to the calcaneal tuberosity.
Arch in feet helps to distribute weight - essentially acts as a lever - allows muscles to act on the toes - allows us to move the shape of our foot to adapt to unstable terrain - good at running.

Question 16

What is the function of ligaments?

Answer 16

Ligaments help to support the longitudinal arch.
Calcaneonavicular ligament helps reduce weight of us to make feet more efficient
Flat feet → this is a collapse of the calcaneonavicular ligament, meaning you have less support of weight on feet