ANATOMY: male Reproductiove System Flashcards
(28 cards)
Structures of male reproductive system
- Testis (plural: Testes) – External
- Epididymis – External
- Ductus deferens – External to Internal
- Seminal Vesicles – Gland – Internal
- Ejaculatory duct – Internal
- Prostate – Gland – Internal
- Urethra – Internal to External
- Bulbo-urethral gland – Internal
- Penis – External (roots Internal)
What are Testes
Originally develop in the abdomen and descend before birth (usually).
Paired structures.
Sizes of Testes in adults
- ~4-5cm in length
- ~2-3cm in breadth
- ~3-4cm in anteroposterior diameter
- Between 12-20g
- Testicular volume between 15-25ml
Where are Testes stored?
Stored within the scrotal sac (scrotum) externally.
•Most likely for temperature regulation of sperm production.
Structure of Testes
Tunica albuginea
Tunica vaginali
Three parts
What is the Tunica albuginea
Capsule
Contains 400-600 seminiferous tubules •To straight tubules •To rete testis (in mediastinum testis) •To 12-20 efferent ductules •To epididymis
What is the Tuniva vaginalis ?
Closed sac of peritoneum
- Processus vaginalis is a connection between scrotum and peritoneal cavity.
- Closure after testicular descent leads to fibrous/ligamentous remnant
What are the Three parts in Testes?
Three parts:
•Parietal layer
•Cavity- Contains varying volumes of clear, straw-coloured fluid
•Visceral layer
Structure of Epididymis
Runs along the posterolateral side of the testis, contained within the tunica vaginalis.
Stores spermatozoa prior to ejaculation.
Spermatozoa mature in the epididymis, acquiring the ability to move and fertilise an egg.
Convergence of efferent ductules form a coiled mass called?
Head of epididymis
- Form a single, long coiled duct – the body of the epididymis
- Enlarges to form the tail of the epididymis
- Continues as the ductus deferens
Ductus deferens is also known as?
Vans deferens
Function of Ductus Deferens
Transports spermatozoa to the ejaculatory duct and urethra during ejaculation.
Structure that is cut during a vasectomy.
What is cut during vasectomy
Ductus deferens (vans deferens)
Structure of Ductus deferens
Begins at the tail of the epididymis
Runs within the spermatic cord - posterior and parallel to the spermatic vessels
Moves through the inguinal canal to the anterior abdominal wall.
•Passes through the deep inguinal ring and bends medially at the pelvic inlet to enter the pelvic cavity- Runs over the external iliac artery and vein
•Descends the pelvic wall, deep to the peritoneum
•Crosses the ureter posterior to the bladder
•Continues to the base of the bladder, anterior to the rectum, and almost in the midline.
•Between ureter and ejaculatory duct it becomes tortuous again and expands to form the ampulla of the ductus deferens.
•Together with the duct of the seminal vesicle it forms the ejaculatory duct
•Penetrates the prostate gland to connect with the prostatic urethra.
Structure of Seminal vesicles
Paired accessory glands of the male reproductive system.
Contribute significantly to the volume of ejaculate.
Coiled tube with numerous pocket-like outgrowths.
Contained within a dense, fibromuscular sheath and partly covered in peritoneum.
Narrows inferiorly to form a straight duct which converges with the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.
Dimensions of Seminal vesicles in adults
~5-10cm in length
•~3-5cm in diameter
•Average volume of 13ml
•In most males it’s slightly larger on the right and both become smaller with age.
Structure of Prostate
Non-paired accessory structure/gland of the male reproductive system.
Surrounds the urethra in the pelvic cavity, just as it leaves the bladder.
•Inverted, rounded cone shape
•Inferolateral surfaces are in contact with the levator ani muscles
Formed of about 30-40 individual independent glands that collectively form the prostate.
•Enlarge the wall of the urethra
•Individual ducts with drain into the prostatic sinuses
•Empty individually into the urethra
Together with secretions from the seminal vesicles and testes via the ejaculatory duct contribute to the formation of ejaculate.
Structure of Bulbo-urethral glands
Paired accessory glands of the male reproductive system.
Small pea-shaped mucous glands located within the deep perineal pouch.
Duct from each gland passes through the perineal membrane and opens into the bulb of the spongy urethra at the root of the penis.
Contribute to the lubrication of the urethra and the pre-ejaculatory emission.
•Aided by small glands positioned along the length of the spongy urethra.
Roots of the penis contained within the
Urogenital triangle of the perineum
Penis is formed of?
Two corpa cavernosa and a single corpus spongiosum.
Structure of Corpus cavernosa of penis
- Proximal parts attached to the pubic arch form the root of the penis consisting of two crura
- The free (non-tethered) proximal parts continue to form main bulk of the body of the penis.
Structure of Corpus spongium of penis
- Proximal part attaches to the perineal membrane and forms the bulb of the penis
- Free part continues with corpus cavernosa to form the remaining body of the penis
- Contains the urethra
- Expands at the head of the penis to form the glans penis
Base of the body of the penis is supported by two ligaments?
- Suspensory ligament of the penis
* Fundiform ligament of the penis
What are the three paired muscles associated with support and function of penis?
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongious
Superficial transverse perineal
