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Anatomy Midterm Flashcards

(98 cards)

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1
Q

List and define the three parts of the nervous system

A

Central- brain,spinal cord, involuntary 5 senses
Peripheral- system of nerves that connects the peripheral parts to the CNS
Autonomic-involuntary. breathing and heart beating. 

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2
Q

what are nerves?

A

whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue 

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3
Q

The two types of nerves 

A

sensory carries impulses from sense organs to brain, motor carries impulses from brain to muscle or glands 

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4
Q

what are receptors 

A

Sensory nerve endings

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5
Q

List and defined the nerves of the arm 

A

Digital- supplies the fingers
Radial- supplies, the thumb side of the arm and back of hand
Ulnar- affects the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand 
Median- supplies, the arm and hand

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6
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves arise from the base of the brain and the brain system? 

A

12

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7
Q

The study of the structure and composition of tissue 

A

histology

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8
Q

The dense, active Proto plasm found in the center of a cell 

A

nucleus 

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9
Q

takes in nutrients, breaks them down and creates energy for the cells. It works to keep the cell full of energy. 

A

mitochondria

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10
Q

The part of the cell that encloses the Protoplasm and permitted soluble substances to enter and leave 

A

cell membrane

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11
Q

muscles are connected to bones by

A

tendons 

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12
Q

bones are connected to each other by 

A

 ligaments

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13
Q

The two types of joints 

A

movable and immovable 

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14
Q

The human head contains 22 bones divided into two groups. What are these groups called? 

A

cranium and facial bones 

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15
Q

what are capillaries 

A

tiny, thin walled blood vessels connect to smaller arteries to venules 

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16
Q

three facts about blood 

A

8 to 10 pints in the human body, salty and sticky, normally 98.6°F. 

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17
Q

what are the five functions of the blood? 

A

carries water, oxygen nutrients and minerals. carries a Way carbon dioxide. helps to equalize the bodies temperature. Aids in protecting the body from harmful bacteria infections. Closes injured blood vessels by blood clot. 

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18
Q

what is the difference between white and red blood cells? 

A

White blood cells destroy disease, causing microorganisms, red blood cells carry oxygen to the body cells 

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19
Q

what is the difference between platelets and plasma

A

platelets contribute blood clotting process. Plasma is the fluid part of blood that acts as a delivery system.

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20
Q

List the endocrine glands and their functions 

A
  1. pineal is sexual development, sleep and metabolism.
  2. pituitary effects almost every physiological process of the body.
    3.Thyoid secretes, hormones that regulate the bodies, metabolism, heart & digestive function, brain, development, and maintenance of bone mass.
  3. parathyroid regulates blood calcium and phosphorus levels 
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21
Q

what is the digestive system? 

A

it breaks down food 

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22
Q

what is the reproductive system? 

A

produces children 

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23
Q

what is the lymphatic system? 

A

protects the body from disease by developing resistances 

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24
Q

what is the integumentary system? 

A

largest organ of the body. first line of defense against infection and water loss 

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25
What is the muscular
Covers shapes and supports the skeletal tissue
26
what is the skeletal system
Forms of physical foundation of the body
27
what is the circulatory system?
Delivery of the blood through the body 
28
what is the endocrine system?
Affects growth, development, sexual activities, and normal regulatory processes of the body 
29
What is the excretory system?
Elimination of waste matter
30
what is the nervous system?
Carries messages through the central nervous system 
31
effects the external ear, and the skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull 
Auriculotemporal nerve 
32
skin of the lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip and mouth 
infraorbital nerve
33
affects the muscles of the upper part of the cheek 
zygomatic nerve 
34
affects the SKIN of the lower lip and chin
mental nerve 
35
affects the point and lower side of the nose
nasal nerve 
36
affects the MUSCLES of the chin and lower lip 
mandibular nerve 
37
affects the membrane and the skin of the nose
infrarochlear nerves
38
affects the skin between the eyes in the upper side of the nose
Supertrochlear nerve
39
Affects the upper part of the face
maxillary nerve 
40
affects the forehead, upper eyelids and anterior portion of the scalp orbit, eyeball and nasal passage 
ophthalmic nerve 
41
affects the muscles of the temple in the side of the forehead
Temporal nerve
42
Affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull
posterior auricular nerve
43
affects the muscles of the mouth 
buccal nerve 
44
Affects the sides of the neck and Pettise, my muscle
Cervical nerve
45
Located at the side of the neck, affects the face ears, neck, and parotid gland
greater auricular nerve 
46
located at the base of the skull, affects the scalp and muscle behind the ear
Smaller, occipital nerve 
47
located in the back of the neck, affects the scalp as far as up to the top of the head
Greater occipital nerve
48
Located the side of the neck, affects the front and sides of the neck down to the breastbone
cervical cutaneous nerve 
49
thick walled muscular tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the arterioles
Arteries
50
The main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck
Common carotid arteries 
51
small vessels that connect capillaries to veins
Venules 
52
largest artery in the body
Aorta 
53
small arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries
Arterioles
54
contains cup like valves that keep blood flowing in one direction to the heart to prevent the blood from flowing backwards
Veins
55
fights infections, and detoxifies the blood
Lymph nodes
56
liquid that circulates throughout the body, that disperses white blood cells and sell nutrients
Lymph
57
Specialized organs that produce chemicals necessary for various body systems function
Glands
58
major role in sexual development, sleep and metabolism
pineal gland
59
affects every process in the body
pituitary gland
60
function and sexual
Ovaries and testes 
61
located in the neck, regulates the body’s metabolism
Thyroid
62
regulates blood, calcium and phosphorus
Parathyroid
63
Also call ductless glands releases hormones directly to the blood system
Endocrine glands
64
responsible for digesting, carbohydrates, proteins, and
Pancreas
65
creates enzymes necessary for digestion 
liver 
66
muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing
Diaphragm 
67
aids in regulating the metabolism, stress, response, and blood pressure
Adrenal gland
68
Microscopic cells, which areas exchange for carbon dioxide during a breath
lungs
69
forms the side of the eyesocket 
Sphenoid
70
Forms of sides of the head in the air region
Temporal
71
The forehead
Frontal
72
Forms of sides, and the top of the
parietal 
73
spongy bone between the eye sockets, that forms the nasal cavities
 ethmoid 
74
forms the back of the skull above nape
Occipital
75
flat, thin forms, that part of the nasal septum 
vomer
76
Lower jaw strongest on the face
Mandible
77
Hard pallet of the mouth
palatine
78
The upper jaw
maxillae
79
thin spongy bone on the outer walls of the nasal depression
turbinal
80
forms the bridge of the nose
Nasal
81
wrist
carpus
82
palm
metacarpus
83
smaller bone on the forearm on the same side as the thumb
Radius 
84
The inner and larger bone of the forearm on the side with the little finger
ulna
85
upper most and largest bone of the arm
Humorous
86
muscles on the side of the head
Temporalis 
87
back of the epicranius draws the scalp back
Occipitalis
88
raises the eyebrows bring scalp forward
Frontalis
89
covers the entire skull includes occipitalis, and the frontalis 
epicranius/ occupitalfrontalis
90
under the frontalis and orbiculsris oculi, draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
corrugator
91
elevates the lower lip 
Mentalis 
92
Controls the eyelid
levator papaebrae superioris
93
flat band around the upper and lower lip
Orbicularis oris
94
draws back the corners of the mouth 
levator anguli oris
95
draws the corners of the mouth out and back 
risoruis
96
alongside the train pulls down the corners of the mouth
Triangularis
97
lifting the wings of the nose and upper lip, showing this taste Elvis lip
Orbicularis oculi
98
Where is the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose?
procerus

Esthetics (2 decks)

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