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anatomy of articulation Flashcards

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1
Q

articulatiom

A

process of joining two elements together

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2
Q

articulatory system

A

mobile and immobile articulators brought into contact for the purpose of shaping the sounds of speech

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3
Q

source filter theory

A

voicing source is generated by the vocal folds and routed through the vocal tract where it is shaped into the sounds of speech

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4
Q

what is sound source generated by

A

vocal folds

Point of turbulance or constriction in voiceless speech sounds

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5
Q

what is sound source shaped by

A

vocal tract configuration

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6
Q

vocal tract

A

Series of linked tubes including…

  • oral cavity (mouth)
  • pharynx (behind mouth) (throat)
  • nasal cavity (nose)
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7
Q

resonant frequency

A

The sound wave frequency that fits the shape of the vocal tract and is therefore enhanced

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8
Q

what happens in resonant frequency

A

Tongue position changed vocal tract shape

Changes in vocal tract shape affect resonant frequencies

Attenuate

Amplify

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9
Q

mobile articulators

A

tongue, mandible, lips, cheeks, velum, pharynx, larynx

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10
Q

immobile articulators

A

alveolar ridge, teeth, hard palate

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11
Q

lower jaw /mandible

A

Developmentally begins as a paired bone

  • fuses at the midline by age 1
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12
Q

condyloid process

A

articulate with temporal bone by the TMJ*

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13
Q

Coronoid process

A

for muscle attachment *

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14
Q

mental symphysis

A

Point of fusion of the two halves of the mandible

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15
Q

mental foramen

A

Hole through which the cranial V- trigeminal nerve passes

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16
Q

upper jaw/maxilla

A

makes up most of the

hard palate/floor of nose

  • upper dental ridge
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17
Q

frontal process

A

superior most point of the bone

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18
Q

zygomatic process

A

point of attachment to cheek bone

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19
Q

alveolar process

A

contains alveoli that hold teeth in the intact adult maxilla

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20
Q

incisive foramen

A

Anterior aspect of the hard palate that serves as a conduit for nasopalatine nerve serving the nasal mucosa

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21
Q

nasal bones

A

Small bones making up the superior nasal surface

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22
Q

nasal bones articulate with

A

-frontal bones superiorly

  • maxillae laterally
  • perpendicular plate that makes up the posterior wall of the nasal cavity
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23
Q

horizontal plates (palatine bones)

A

parallel the palatine process of the maxilla

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24
Q

perpendicular plate (palatine bones)

A

posterior wall of the nasal cavity

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25
Orbital process
makes up a small portion of the orbit cavity
26
inferior nasal concha
Small, scroll-like bones on the lateral surface of the nose
27
nasal concha
lined with mucosa highly vascular
28
function of nasal concha
air passing over nasal concha will be warmed and humidified before reaching the lower respiratory system
29
vomer
Nasal septum - dividing plate between the two nasal cavities An unpaired midline bone Makes up inferior and posterior nasal septum
30
zygomatic bones
cheek bones
31
zygomatic bones articulate with
maxillae frontal temporal
32
what are the skull bones
temporal parietal frontal occipital
33
frontal bone
Unpaired frontal bone creates: Bony forehead Anterior cranial case Supraorbital region
34
parietal bone
Mid portion of brain case Paired bones Overlay the parietal lobes of the cerebrum
35
occipital bone
Overlies posterior of the brain Makes up the posterior brain case Forms the base of skull and wraps beneath the brain
36
what does the occipital bone articulate with
temporal parietal sphenoid bones
37
foramen magmum
provides the conduit for the spinal cord
38
temporal bone
*Divided into 4 segments * Squamous, tympanic, mastoid, petrous portions
39
squamous portion
Fan-shaped, thin Lower margin= roof of external auditory meatus
40
mastoid portion
Posterior part of temporal bone
41
tympanic portion
Includes anterior and inferior walls of external auditory Styloid process protrudes beneath the external auditory meatus and medial to the mastoid process
42
petrous portion
includes cochlea and semicircular canals
43
internal auditory meatus
On the medial surface of the temporal bone Cranial nerve VIII passes through here on its way to the brainstem
44
dentition
Teeth housed in alveoli of maxillae & mandible
45
function of dentition
Mastication Articulatory surfaces for speech sounds
46
what 3 anatomical parts are teeth made up of
Crown= visible portion 2. Root= embedded in the alveolar process 3. Neck= transition between the two
47
dental arches
Teeth in the upper arch are larger than those in lower arch Upper arch typically overlaps the lower arch in front
48
upper and lower arches contain equal numbers of teeth of 4 types
Incisors* Cuspids* Bicuspids* Molars *
49
components of teeth
root gingival/gum line crown neck enamel
50
types of teeth
incisors, central incisors, lateral incisors, cuspid, bicuspid/premolars, molars
51
deciduous
infants develop shedding teeth that give way to permanent teeth
52
when do deciduous teeth start to erupt through bone and gum
between 6-9 months
53
occlusion
process of bringing upper and lower teeth into contact necessary for chewing
54
class 1 (normal occlusion)
upper incisors outside lower incisors vertically by a few millimeters neutroclusion
55
class 2 (overbite)
first mandibular molars are retracted at least one tooth from the first maxillary molars mandible retracted
56
class 3 (underbite)
first mandibular molar is advanced farther than one tooth beyond the first maxillary molar mandible protruded
57
cavities of the vocal tract
oral, buccal, pharyngeal, nasal
58
oral cavity
most significant cavity of the speech mechanism extends from oral opening to the faucial pillars
59
hard palate
roof of the mouth
60
rugae
ridges running laterally (ridges on the palate)
61
median raphe
divides the hard palate into equal halves
62
soft palate/velum
point at which hard palate becomes soft velum separates the oral and nasal cavities
63
uvula
end of velum (dangly thing in back of throat)
64
faucial pillars
-mark the posterior margin of the oral cavity -house the palatine tonsils
65
what makes up the lateral margins of the oral cavity
teeth and alveolar ridge of the maxillae
66
tonsils
an aggregate of lymph nodes and vessels contained in the mucosa of the pharyngeal cavity
67
function of tonsil
immunological; filter the air
68
lingual
base of tongue
69
palatine
between anterior and posterior faucial pillars
70
pharyngeal tonsils(adenoids)
above the velum
71
auditory tonsils
behind the Eustachian tube
72
buccal cavity
-composed of the space between the posterior teeth and the cheeks of the face -plats a role in the oral resonance - involved in high pressure consonant production
73
pharyngeal cavity
-a tube of about 12 cm in length -extends from the vocal folds below to the region behind the nasal cavities -lined with muscles capable of constricting the size of the tube to allow deglutition
74
oropharynx
portion of the pharynx immediately posterior to the fauces
75
laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)
-bounded anteriorly by the epiglottis -inferiorly by the esophagus
76
nasopharynx
space above soft palate
77
where does the eustachain tube open into
opens into the nasopharynx
78
nasal cavities
produces by the paired maxillae, palatine bones, and nasal bones
79
what is the nasal septum made up of
vomer bone, plate of the ethmoid, cartilaginous septum, nares mark the anterior boundaries, floor of the nasal cavity is the hard palate

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