Anatomy of breathing Flashcards
(34 cards)
Which features make up the upper respiratory tract? (6)
- Right and left nasal cavities
- Oral cavity
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
- Larynx
Which features make up the lower respiratory tract? (6)
- Trachea
- Right and left main bronchi
- Lobar bronchi
- Segmental bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
Where is the trachea palpated?
In the jugular notch of the manubrium
Where in the body is the thorax located?
The neck is superior
The abdomen is inferior
The back is posterior
Which two parts are the chest divided into?
- The chest wall
- The chest cavity
What components make up the chest wall? (Superficial to deep) (5)
- Skin
- Fascia (Superficial and deep)
- Skeletal muscles
- Bone/joints
- Parietal pleura
What is the function of the chest wall?
- Protect chest’s internal organs
- Make the movements of breathing
- Breast tissue for lactation
Which three sections make up the chest cavity?
- Left pleural cavity
- Mediastinum
- Right pleural cavity
What lies between the parietal and visceral pleurae?
The plural cavity
What is contained within the pleural cavity and what is the function of this?
Pleural fluid
- Lubricant
- Provides surface tension
How many lobes does the right lung have?
What are they called?
3
- Superior
- Middle
- Inferior
How many lobes does the left lung have?
What are they called?
2
- Superior
- Inferior
Which fissure divides the superior and inferior lobes?
Oblique fissure
Which fissure divides the middle and superior lobes of the right lung?
Horizontal fissure
What is a bronchopulmonary segment?
The area of lung lobe that each of the segmental bronchi supplies.
How many bronchopulmonary segments are there in each lung?
10
What bones form the chest wall? (5)
- Ribs
- Sternum
- Clavicles
- Scapulae
- Thoracic vertebrae
What cartilage joins the ribs to the sternum?
Costal cartilages
Where does the head of the rib articulate with the vertebrae?
The head of the rib articulates with the body of the vertebrae of the same number, and the body of the superior vertebra
Where does the rib tubercle articulate with the vertebrae?
The tubercle articulates with the transverse process of the vertebra of the same number
What are the features of each rib? (6)
- Head
- Neck
- Tubercle
- Body/shaft
- Rib angle
- Costal groove
What are the joints of breathing?
- Costovertebral joint
- Costochondral joint
- Sternocostal joint
What do the costovertebral joints join?
Rib to vertebra
What do the costochondral joints join?
Rib to costal cartilage
