Anatomy of Pelvis & Pelvic Floor

Question 1

What is the function of the pelvic floor?

Answer 1

• supports the trunk, abdomen & organs of lower pelvis
• provides transition between vertebral column & lower extremities

Question 2

What are the bones in the pelvic girdle?

Answer 2

• 2 innominates
• sacrum
• coccyx

Question 3

What are the joints in the pelvis?

Answer 3

• 2 sacroiliac joints
• sacrococcygeal
• intercoccygeal
• pubic symphysis
• 2 hip joints

Question 4

What is the anterior aspect of the pubic arch?

Answer 4

pubic symphysis

Question 5

What is the inferior lateral aspect of the pubic arch?

Answer 5

inferior pubic rami

Question 6

What is the lateral aspect of the pubic arch?

Answer 6

ischial rami

Question 7

Where are the sarcotuberous ligaments?

Answer 7

ischial tuberosity to sacrum

Question 8

Where are the sarcospinous ligaments?

Answer 8

ischial spine to sacrum deep

Question 9

What is the following anal sphincter?

• inner circular smooth muscle
• maintains sustaind tone in resting state
• fatguie resistant

Answer 9

Interal anal sphincter

Question 10

What is the following anal sphincter?

• outer skeletal muscle
• under voluntary control
• fatigable (type II fast twitch fibers)

Answer 10

External anal spinchter

Question 11

What type of twich muscle fibers are in superficial genital muscles?

Answer 11

slow & fast twitch muscle fibers

Question 12

What type of twitch muscle fibers are in the perineal membrane?

Answer 12

Slow twitch

Question 13

What is the function of the perineal membrane?

Answer 13

assist smooth muscle & vascular components by providing urethral closure

Question 14

Is the following dorsal component or ventral portion of PFM?

Conncective tissue attaches to perineal body & lateral wall of vagina to the ischiopubic rami

Answer 14

dorsal component

Question 15

Is the following dorsal component or ventral portion of PFM?

continous with the urethral supportive apparatus & contains
- compressor urethrae
- urethrovaginal muscle

Answer 15

Ventral portion

Question 16

What is the following deep layer called?

• circular muscle located around the urethra
• slow twitch muscles
• provides majority of skeletal muscles compression to urethra and 1/3 of resting urethral closure

Answer 16

sphincter urethrae

Question 17

What are the 3 layers of the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 17

• superior fascia of levator ani
• levator ani muscles
• inferior fascia of levator ani

Question 18

What are the 3 muscles of the levator ani?

Answer 18

• pubococcygeus
• puborectalis
• iliococcygeus

Question 19

What is the following structure called?

distal portion of the detrussor including the trigone and continues to the proximal urethra

Answer 19

bladder neck

Question 20

Name the organs of the female pelvis

Answer 20

• uterus
• fallopian tubes & ovaries
• vagina
• bladder
• rectum

Question 21

Name of the organs of the male pelvis

Answer 21

• bladder
• prostate gland
• testicles
• rectum

Question 22

Name the 3 associated muscles of the pelvic floor

Answer 22

• piriformis
• obturator internus
• gluetus maximas

Question 23

Name the facilitory muscles of the pelvic floor

Answer 23

• hip abductors
• gluteals
• transverse abdominis
• obturator internus

Question 24

Name the deep muscles ‘inner core’

Answer 24

• transvere abdominis
• deep lumbar multifidus
• pelvic floor muscles
• respiratory diaphragm

Question 25

Name the nerve supply to pelvis and pelvic floor

Answer 25

- iliohypogastric - lilioinguinal - genitofemoral - lateral femoral cutaneous - femoral - obturator