Anatomy Of The Brachial Plexus

Question 1

What is special about the atlas

Answer 1

No body
No spinous process
Occipital condyles connect to the brain (Atlanta-occipital joint)

Question 2

What is special about the axial

Answer 2

C2
Would have the ordontoid process (the leg)
The body of c1 during development would fuse with C2 to form this peg

Question 3

What is the anterior boarder of the brachial plexus (BP)

Answer 3

The pectoralis minor and major muscles

Question 4

What is the lateral broader of the BP

Answer 4

The intertubercular sulcus of the humerus bones

Question 5

What is the medial boarder of the BP

Answer 5

Serratus anterior muscle
The upper thoratic wall

Question 6

What is the posterior boarder of the BP

Answer 6

The Subscapularis muscles
Terres minor

Question 7

What are the landmarks of the BP

Answer 7

C5-T1

Question 8

Where does C1 attach to the brain

Answer 8

The occipital condyles
(Atlanto-occipital joints)

Question 9

What is the artery of the brachial plexus

Answer 9

The axillary artery

Question 10

Where does the axillary artery come from and where does it lead to

Answer 10

Comes from: the subclavian artery
Leads to: the brachial artery (in the arm)

Question 11

What is the floor of the BP

Answer 11

The skin of the armpit

Question 12

What are the lymph node areas in the BP

Answer 12

Anterior: pectoralis (3-5)
Posterior: Subscapular (7-8)
Lateral: humeral (4-6)
Central
Apex (near the coracoid)

Question 13

Where do the vertebral artery’s run through in the vertebrae

Answer 13

The transverse foremen

Question 14

What are the ligaments of the vertebrae

Answer 14

Anterior Longitudinal
Posterior longitudinal
Supraspinous ligament
Ligamentum flava
Ligamentum nucheal
Interspinous ligament

Question 15

What is the function of the anterior longitudinal ligament and where does it go to

Answer 15

Stops the hyperextension
Goes to C1

Question 16

What is the posterior longitudinal ligament and where does it go

Answer 16

Attaches C2 to the head area
Would be narrower and weaker then the A.L.L

Question 17

What is the ligamentum nucheal and where does it go

Answer 17

Would stop at C7 and would then form the supraspinous ligament
Can be seen when have a medial Sagittal cut

Question 18

What is myelopathy

Answer 18

Pressure on the cord

Question 19

What is radiopathy

Answer 19

Pressure on the nerves

Question 20

What does cervical spondylosis lead to

Answer 20

Osteophyte formation
Hypertrophy on the ligaments and the joints
Loss of disc height

Question 21

What are the cords of the BP

Answer 21

Medial
Lateral
Posterior
(All related to the axillary artery)

Question 22

Where do the thoracic vertebrae and the ribs articulate

Answer 22

The costovertebrae joints
(The costotransverse joints)

Question 23

What is special about the area T1-T4

Answer 23

Shares some features of the cervical spine

Question 24

What is special about the T5-T8

Answer 24

Aids rotation and the lateral flexion

Question 25

What is special about T9-T12

Answer 25

Shares some features of the lumbar region

Question 26

What are the margins of the axillary inlet

Answer 26

Medial: lateral rib 1 Anterior: posterior of clavicle Posterior: anterior of scapular Apex: medial of the coracoid

Question 27

What is the function of the anterior and the posterior divisions

Answer 27

Anterior: flexion Posterior: extension

Question 28

What are the the trunks

Answer 28

Superior: C5-C6 Middle: C7 Inferior: C8-T1

Question 29

What are the cords and what trunks do they connect with

Answer 29

The next area of the brachial plexus Lateral: superior and middle (anterior division) Posterior: all three trunks (posterior division) Medial: the inferior trunk (anterior division)

Question 30

What are all the divisions of the axillary artery

Answer 30

Superior thoratic artery Thoracoacromial artery Lateral thoratic artery Sub scapular artery Anterior circumflex humeral Posterior circumflex humeral Long thoracic artery

Question 31

What does the suprascapular nerve C5/6 do

Answer 31

Goes to the scapular

Question 32

What does the ulnar nerve do C7-T1

Answer 32

Would go to the ulnar of the hand

Question 33

What does the musculocutaneous nerve do C5/6

Answer 33

Would allow flexion and supination of the forearm

Question 34

What does the median nerve do C5-T1

Answer 34

Connects to the lateral and the medial nerve supplies from the brachial plexus

Question 35

What does the long thoracic nerve do C5/C7

Answer 35

Supplies the serratus anterior (that would be in the medial compartment of the axillary)

Question 36

What is the apex bone wall of the axilla

Answer 36

Medial to the coracoid process

Question 37

What is the medial bone walls of the axilla

Answer 37

The lateral side of the first ribs

Question 38

What is the anterior bone wall of the axilla

Answer 38

The inferior side of the clavicle

Question 39

What is the posterior bone wall of the axilla

Answer 39

The superior aspect of the scapula

Question 40

What positions is the 1st part of the axillary artery

Answer 40

Lateral to first rib Medial to pectoralis minor

Question 41

What position is the 2nd area of the axillary artery

Answer 41

Posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle

Question 42

What position is the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Answer 42

Lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle Inferior to the teres major

Question 43

What branched off the first part of the axiallry artery

Answer 43

The superior thoracic artery

Question 44

What artery’s branch off the second part of the axillary artery

Answer 44

Lateral thoracic artery Thoracoacromial artery

Question 45

What artery’s branch off the the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Answer 45

Subscapular artery Anterior circumflex humeral artery Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 46

What is he function of the ligamentum flava

Answer 46

Thin, broad elastic fibres Prevents the abnormal curvature of the spine

Question 47

What is the function of the anterior longitudinal ligament and what is it made of

Answer 47

Stops hyperextension Thick fibrous band

Question 48

What is the ligamentum nuchae made of

Answer 48

Fibrous tissue

Question 49

What is the function of the posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 49

Prevents/redirects the posterior herniation of the nucleus pulposus Weaker prevention of the hyperextension