Anatomy Of The Heart

Question 1

Components of cardiovascular system

Answer 1

Blood
Heart
Blood vessels
Arteries(away)
Veins(visit)

Question 2

Functions of the heart

Answer 2

1.regulates blood supply
2.generates blood pressure
3. Routes blood
4. Ensures 1 way blood flow

Question 3

Characteristics of the heart

Answer 3

Size of a fist and weighs less then 1lbs
Located in the mediastinum

Question 4

Pericardium

Answer 4

Double-layered sac that anchors and protects the heart

Question 5

Parietal pericardium

Answer 5

Membrane around the heart cavity

Question 6

Visceral pericardium

Answer 6

Membrane on hearts surface

Question 7

Pericardial cavity

Answer 7

Space between the 2 membranes, very little fluid

Question 8

Epicardium

Answer 8

Surface of heart
Simple squamous epithelium & loose connective tissue

Question 9

Endocardium

Answer 9

Smooth, inner surface
Simple squamous epithelium

Question 10

what are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 10

Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle

Question 11

the atria

Answer 11

-has upper chambers
-holding chambers
-small, thin walled
-contracts minimally to push blood into ventricles

Question 12

Interatrial septum

Answer 12

separates the left and right atriums

Question 13

the ventricles

Answer 13

-lower chambers
-pumping chambers
- contract forcefully to propel blood out of heart into major blood vessels

Question 14

interventricular septum

Answer 14

separates the right and left ventricles

Question 15

what are valves?

Answer 15

-structures that ensure 1 way blood flow -prevent back flow

Question 16

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 16

between atria and ventricles

Question 17

tricuspid valve

Answer 17

-3 cusps
- AV valve between RA and RV

Question 18

Bicuspid valve

Answer 18

-2 cusps
- AV valve between LA and LV

Question 19

What happens when the bicuspid valve is open?

Answer 19

-blood flows from LA into LV
-aortic semilunar valve is closed
- tension on chordae tendinae is low

Question 20

semilunar valves

Answer 20

• between ventricles and blood vessels
• aortic (base of aorta)
  -pulmonary (base of pulmonary trunk)

Question 21

What happens when the bicuspid valve is closed?

Answer 21

-blood flows from LV into aorta
- aortic semilunar valve is open
- tension on chordae tendineae is high

Question 22

pulmonary circuit

Answer 22

collects blood from the body

Question 23

right side of the heart

Answer 23

-carries blood from heart to lungs
-blood deoxygenated
-02 poor
-CO2 rich

Question 24

right atrium

Answer 24

receives blood from superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

Question 25

Superior vena cava

Answer 25

drains blood above diaphragm

Question 26

inferior vena cava

Answer 26

drains blood below diaphragm

Question 27

Coronary sinus

Answer 27

drains blood from the heart

Question 28

right ventricle

Answer 28

pumps blood into pulmonary trunk

Question 29

what is the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 29

splits into right & left pulmonary arteries

Question 30

pulmonary arteries

Answer 30

carry blood AWAY from the heart to the lungs

Question 31

what does the left side of the heart do? (systemic curcuit meaning)

Answer 31

- systemic circuit - receives blood from the lungs - carries blood from the heart to the body -blood is oxygenated -O2 rich / CO2 poor -much stronger, thicker muscle

Question 32

Left atrium

Answer 32

4 openings (pulmonary veins) that receive blood from the lungs

Question 33

Left Ventricle

Answer 33

-pumps blood into aorta - thicker, contracts more forcefully, higher blood pressure than right ventricle has to get to body

Question 34

aorta

Answer 34

carries blood from LV to body

Question 35

Know blood flow through the heart

Question 36

Coronary arteries

Answer 36

-supply blood to heart wall -originate from base of aorta

Question 37

Left Coronary artery

Answer 37

- 3 branches -supply blood to the anterior heart wall and left ventricle

Question 38

right coronary artery

Answer 38

- supply blood to right ventricle

Question 39

great cardiac vein

Answer 39

drains left side

Question 40

small cardiac vein

Answer 40

drains to right side

Question 41

middle cardiac vein

Answer 41

drains posterior

Question 42

coronary sinus

Answer 42

-receives both veins - drains into RA