Anatomy of the heart and EKG interpretation

Question 0

Left main artery

Answer 0

Has more branches

Heart is more muscular and requires more blood

Question 1

Coronary artery

Answer 1

Supply bld to heart muscle

Question 2

systemic

Answer 2

Body

Question 4

Systole

Answer 4

Contracts creating pressure that opens the valves

• right ventricle flows to lungs
• left ventricle to aorta to body

Question 4

4 unique qualities of the heart

Answer 4

Automaticity, conductivity, contractivity, excitability

Question 5

Diastole

Answer 5

Relax

blood returns from vena cava

right atrium to right ventricle

pulmonary veins from left atrium to left ventricle

Question 6

Automaticity

Answer 6

Initiate electric pulse

Question 7

Conductivity

Answer 7

Ability of myocardial cells to receive conduct electrical pulses

Question 8

Contractivity

Answer 8

Shorten in response to an electrical impulses

Question 9

Excitability

Answer 9

Respond to an impulse or stimulus

Question 10

Sinoatrial Noade (sa)

Answer 10

Pacemaker Normal conduction of the heart

Question 11

Atrioventricular Node (av)

Answer 11

Regulates blood flow

Question 12

Bundle of His (av bundle)

Answer 12

Transfer electrical impulses from atria to the ventricles via bundle branches

Question 13

Bundle branches

Answer 13

Split electrical impulse down the right and left side

Question 14

Purkinje fibers

Answer 14

Electrical pathway for each cardiac cell

Impulse activates ventricles simultaneously

Produce an electrical wave

Question 15

P wave

Answer 15

First positive deflection Occurs when atria depolarize

atrial contraction

Question 16

Q wave

Answer 16

• Represent conduction of impulse down the inter ventricular septum
• First negative deflection before R wave
• Not always visualized on the ECG

Question 17

R wave

Answer 17

• First positive wave of the QRS complex
• Rep. Conduction of electrical impulse to the left ventricle

Question 18

S wave

Answer 18

First negative deflection after R wave

Question 19

QRS complex

Answer 19

Complete ventricle depolarization

atrial repolarization occurs (not seen)

0.06 - 0.1 seconds

Question 20

ST segment

Answer 20

End of the S wave to the beginning of T wave

Question 21

Myocardial damage

Answer 21

Elevated ST segment

Question 22

Isoelectric line

Answer 22

Baseline

Question 23

Ischemia

Answer 23

Reduced oxygen to the heart

Question 24

T wave

Answer 24

Ventricular repolarization Positive ![]()

Question 25

TWI

Answer 25

Inverted T wave

Question 26

U wave

Answer 26

Not on all EKGs

Question 27

sympathetic branch

Answer 27

increase heart rate in response to norepinephrine

Question 28

parasympathetic

Answer 28

decrease heart rate via vagus nerve

Question 29

Depolarization

Answer 29

stimulation, that causes the heart to contract

Question 30

Repolarization

Answer 30

cellular recovery following contraction heart relaxes allowing for chamber to refill

Question 31

PR interval

Answer 31

measured beginning of P wave (atrial depol) to beginning of QRS (ventr. depol) .12-.20 seconds how long it takes the ventricles to contract ![]()

Question 32

QT interval

Answer 32

Time required for ventricular depolarization and repolarization starts at the beginning of QRS complex and ends at the end of T ![]()

Question 33

J point

Answer 33

end of QRS complex ![]()

Question 34

1 square on the paper is equilvelent to ______ seconds

Answer 34

.04

Question 35

calculating heart rate

Answer 35

6 second method 300 method 1500 method

Question 36

6 second method

Answer 36

best for irregular not as accurate

Question 37

300 method

Answer 37

300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50 start on the next bold line after the R wave subtract the two numbers the next R wave falls between and divide by 5 the number you get is the equivelent to one box

Question 38

Describe the 1500 method.

Answer 38

1. Ccount the number of small boxes between two R 2. divide 1500 by that number

Question 39

What is Sinus Bradycardia? Where does it originate from?

Answer 39

Originating from the SA node with a heart rate of less than 60 BPM. This rate may or not affect cardiac output.

Question 40

What is sinus tachycardia? Where does it originate from?

Answer 40

Sinus tachycardia originates from the SA node with a heart rate above 100 BPM.

Question 41

# Define Informed consent

Answer 41

A process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person, or for disclosing personal information.

Question 42

# Define troubleshooting

Answer 42

handle problems

Question 43

Which electrode is considered the ground in an EKG?

Answer 43

right leg

Question 44

Which electrodes are considered the precordial leads?

Answer 44

chest leads

Question 45

Describe Lead I on an EKG and which limbs it consist of.

Answer 45

positive records tracing from right arm (-) to left arm (+) ![]()

Question 46

Describe Lead II on an EKG and which limbs it consist of

Answer 46

Positive records tracing from right arm (-) to left leg (+) most favourable ![]()

Question 47

Describe Lead III on an EKG and which limbs it consist of

Answer 47

Positive records electrical activity from left arm (-) to left leg (+) ![]()

Question 48

Which leads are considered augmented leads and unipolar? Why are they called augmented?

Answer 48

aVR aVL aVF tracings are increased in size

Question 49

Describe the aVR lead and the direction of its vector.

Answer 49

**Negative deflection** only limb lead on right side in direction of right arm records activity from heart to right arm ![]()

Question 50

Describe aVL lead and its vector.

Answer 50

Positive deflection smallest deflection heart to left arm ![]()

Question 51

Describe the aVF lead and its vector.

Answer 51

Positive deflection measures in the direction of left foot ![]()

Question 52

Name 3 EKG machine function.

Answer 52

Input signal processing (delay) output display

Question 53

What is the normal speed for an ECG

Answer 53

25mm/sec

Question 54

What is the normal artifact filter for an EKG?

Answer 54

normal setting between 40 - 150 Hz

Question 55

How many electrodes in a 12 lead ECG ?

Answer 55

10

Question 56

What is being measured on the horizontal axis of an EKG reading?

Answer 56

time (seconds)

Question 57

What is being measure on the vertical axis?

Answer 57

Myocardial Voltage (millivolts)

Question 58

What is the measurement of one large box?

Answer 58

5mm x 5mm