Anatomy of the Nervous System Part 2

Question 1

What is hypoxia?

Answer 1

A decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow

Question 2

Main artery of anterior circulation

Answer 2

Internal Carotid Artery

Question 3

Main artery of posterior circulation

Answer 3

Vertebral artery

Question 4

Where does the Anterior Cerebral Artery supply blood?

Answer 4

Frontal, parietal, corpus callosum, region of the brain primarily responsible for motor and sensory of the lower limbs

Question 5

Where does the middle cerebral artery supply blood?

Answer 5

Most of the lateral sides of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, basal ganglia

Question 6

Where does the posterior cerebral artery supply blood?

Answer 6

Occipital lobe, below and to one side of the surface of the temporal lobe, midbrain, thalamus

Question 7

Anterior circulation supplies the ______

Answer 7

forebrain

Question 8

What do the super sagittal and cavernous sinus do?

Answer 8

Drain blood from the brain

Question 9

Transverse Sinus

Answer 9

Allows blood to drain from the back of the head

Question 10

Internal Jugular Vein

Answer 10

To collect blood from the skull, brain, superficial parts of the face, and the majority of the neck

Question 11

Subclavian Vein

Answer 11

Drains deoxygenated blood from the upper region of the body back to the heart

Question 12

Circle of Willies

Answer 12

• maintains blood flow at a steady level to the brain between the anterior and posterior arterial systems of the brain
• offers alternate blood flow pathways between the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 13

Arteries Associated with Anterior Circulation

Answer 13

1) Anterior Cerebral
2) Middle Cerebral
3) Anterior Choroidal Artery
4) Posterior Communicating Artery
5) Posterior Cerebral Artery

Question 14

Arteries Associated with Posterior Circulation

Answer 14

1) Posterior Cerebral
2) Superior Cerebellar
3) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
4) Posterior Inferior Cerebellar
5) Anterior Spinal Artery (upper portion)
6) Posterior Spinal Artery (upper portion)

Question 15

How does CFS flow?

Answer 15

Flows from the lateral ventricles, through the interventricular foramens, and into the third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, and the fourth ventricle.

Question 16

What cells generate CFS?

Answer 16

Chlorid plexus

Question 17

Interventricular Foramen of Monro

Answer 17

Connect thelateral ventricleswith thethird ventricle

Question 18

Where is CFS generated?

Answer 18

Lateral ventricle, third and fourth ventricle

Question 19

What is CFS composed of?

Answer 19

Sodum, Chlorine, Potassium, Calcium, glucose, protein, cells

Question 20

Epidural Hemorrhage

Answer 20

Bleeding between the inside your skull and the outermost layer of meninges, the dura mater

Question 21

Subdural Hemmorrhage

Answer 21

Bleeding between the skull and surface of the brian
- blood seeps in the space between the dura and arachnoid layer

Question 22

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Answer 22

bleeding in the space that surrounds the brain (subarachnoid space)

Question 23

Dura Matter

Answer 23

The tough outer layer of tissue that covers and protects the brain and spinal cord and is closest to the skull

Question 24

Pia matter

Answer 24

Thin layer that’s held tightly to the surface of your brain and spinal cord

Question 25

Arachnoid Matter

Answer 25

The middle layer of your meninges, lies directly below your dura mater

Question 26

Where does basilary artery supply blood?

Answer 26

Brainstem, occipital lobe, cerebellum

Question 27

What is the main blood vessel that forms posterior circulation of the brain?

Answer 27

Basilar artery

Question 28

Which arteries supply blood to the cerebellum?

Answer 28

the superior cerebellar artery, the anterior and inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), and the posterior and inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).

Question 29

Which parts of the brain are supplied with blood flow that comes from the outside and penetrate deep into the brain?

Answer 29

Major cortical surfaces areas

Question 30

What structures of the brain are supplied by branches coming from the outside?

Answer 30

Structures located deep in the brain (thalamus, basal ganglia)

Question 31

Which arteries supply blood to the midbrain? (3)

Answer 31

Posterior cerebral artery, superior artery, basilary artery

Question 32

Which arteries supply blood to the lower pons? (2)

Answer 32

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery, basilar artery

Question 33

Which arteries supply blood to the Upper Medulla (3)

Answer 33

Posterior inferior cerebral artery, vertebral artery and anterior spinal artery

Question 34

Which arteries supply blood to the caudal medulla (4)

Answer 34

Posterior spinal artery, posterior inferior cerebellar artery, vertebral artery, anterior spinal artery

Question 35

What are two sources that supply blood to the spinal cord

Answer 35

Posterior and anterior spinal cord

Question 36

0What type of organization do branches in the spinal cord have (blood supply)

Answer 36

same organization principle as cortex (come from the outside and go deep in the structures)

Question 37

Function of ventricles

Answer 37

Produce, store and circulate (CSF)

Question 38

CFS Function

Answer 38

Liquid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord, cushioning them, removes waste, delivering nutrients to your brain

Question 39

Where does the lenticulostriate artery supply blood?

Answer 39

The basal ganglia

Question 40

Arachnoid Trabeculae

Answer 40

Strands of connective tissue between arachnoid mater to the pia mater and help to keep the brain suspended in place.

Question 41

Subarachnoid Space

Answer 41

Space between your arachnoid mater and pia mater that is filled with CFS

Question 42

Blood Brain Barrier

Answer 42

Surrounds most of the blood vessels in your brain and acts as barrier between the blood stream and extracellular space of the brain

Question 43

What makes up the blood brain barrier?

Answer 43

Endothethial cells are fused tightly to form tight junctions that restrict diffusion along the blood vessel lining

Question 44

What structures are a part of the hindbrain? (4)

Answer 44

cerebellum, pons, medulla, brain stem,

Question 45

Posterior Communicating Artery

Answer 45

Branch of the internal carotid, this artery connects the ICA to the posterior cerebral artery.

Question 46

When does the posterior communicating artery supply blood?

Answer 46

instances where the internal carotid or posterior cerebral arteries are blocked.

Question 47

Anterior Circulation

Answer 47

Derive blood from the internal carotid artery and supplies blood to the majority of the cerebral hemispheres (front part of the brain)

Question 48

Posterior Circulation

Answer 48

Vertebral arteries supply blood to back portion of the brain

Question 49

CSF should contain more _____, ______than is found in the blood and less _________, _________, and _________

Answer 49

sodium, chlorine potassium, calcium, glucose