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Anatomy of the shoulder and pectoral region Flashcards

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1
Q

Rotator cuff muscle

A

SITS S: supraspinatus I: Infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapular

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2
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

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3
Q

subclavius action

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

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4
Q

label the following:

A
  1. Pactoralis major
  2. Clavicle
  3. Sternal end of clavicle
  4. Acromial end of clavicle
  5. Acromion
  6. Coracoid process
  7. Lesser tuberosity of humerus
  8. Bicipital groove
  9. Greater tuberosity of the humerus
  10. Cephalic vein
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5
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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6
Q

Name the muscle:

A

Pectoralis major

Origin (proximal attachment): clavicle, superior six costal cartilages.

Insertion (distal attachment): Intertuberculargroove of humerus.

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7
Q

trapezius action

A

rotate the scapula for full abduction, elevate the shoulder, retract the shoulder and draw scapula downward

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8
Q

levator scapulae action

A

elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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9
Q

ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE SUPPORTS THE SHOULDER JOINT The inferior part of the joint capsule, the only part not reinforced by the rotator cuff muscles, is its weakest area

A

xxxx

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10
Q

Name the muscle

A

DELTOID

Origin: lateral third of clavicle, superior surface of the acromion, and spine of the scapula.

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

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11
Q

common site for humerus fracture

A

surgical neck

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12
Q

the glenoid cavity is deepened by the

A

fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum and accepts little more than a 1/3 of the humeral head.

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13
Q

Name the muscle

A

TRAPEZIUS

Origin: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7 & T1-T12.

Insertion: posterior border of the lateral third of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine.

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14
Q

latissimus dorsi action

A

extend, adduct, and medially rotates the humerus

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15
Q

Name the muscle

A

RHOMBOID MINOR AND MAJOR

Origin: spinous processes of C7 –T5

Insertion: medial border of scapula.

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16
Q

nerve supply of acromioclavicular joint

A

lateral pectoral and axillary nerves

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17
Q

which is more serious anterior or posterior dislocation of the clavicle?

A

posterior dislocation is more dangerous since it compresses the vessels

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18
Q

Name the muscle

A

SUPRASPINATUS

Origin : supraspinatus fossa

Insertion: greater tubercle.

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19
Q

subscapular action

A

medially rotate and adduct arm

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20
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary

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21
Q

Label the following:

A
  1. Acromion
  2. Anatomical neck
  3. Clavicle
  4. Coracoid process of scapula
  5. Glenoid fossa
  6. Greater tubercle
  7. Head of humerus
  8. Lesser tubercle
  9. Scapula
  10. Surgical neck
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22
Q

subscapular innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular

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23
Q

Arm

A

From shoulder joint to elbow

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24
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

is a bony ring, incomplete posteriorly, formed by the scapular and clavicle and completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum

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25
rhomboid major and minor function
retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall
26
blood supply of acromioclavicular joint
suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries
27
pectoralis major Innervation
lateral &medial pectoral nerves
28
rhomboid major and minor innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
29
How can you dislocate the acromioclavicular joint ?
falling laterally on shoulder
30
Name the muscles
Rotator cuff muscles SITS
31
axioappendicular muscle consists of (anterior) (4)
1. pectoralis major 2. pectoralis minor 3. subclavius 4. serratus anterior
32
serratus anterior action
protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, rotates scapula. Called BOXER'S muscle
33
Clavicle
transmits shocks from the UL to the axial skeleton
34
Name the muscle
TERES MAJOR Origin:scapula Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus.
35
deltoid action
abduct the arm with supraspinatus, medial and lateral rotation
36
nerve supply by sternoclavicular joint
supraclavicular nerve and nerve to subclavius
37
What is shoulder separation?
dislocation & lesion of AC
38
Name the muscle
LEVATOR SCAPULAE Origin: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae. Insertion: medial border of scapula superior to root of spine.
39
Identify each condition:
1. Acromial fracture 2. Coracoid process fracture 3. Scapular body fracture 4. Glenoid fracture 5. Scapular winging
40
Joint capsule is strengthened by (acromioclavicular joint)
1. fibers of the trapezius 2. superior and inferioracromioclavicular ligament 3. accessory ligament coracoclavicular ligament.
41
Which is more common dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint or the sternoclavicular?
acromioclavicular
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teres major innervation
lower subscapular
43
pectoralis minor function
stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
44
scapula lies on
posterolateral aspect of the thorax
45
shoulder joint (type of joint)
synovial ball &socket articulation between the head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula. Both articulation surfaces are covered with HYALINE CARTILAGE.
46
joints of pectoral girdle
1. sternoclavicular 2. acromioclavicular 3. glenohumeral
47
What happens in paralysis of serratus anterior??
- can be paralyzed due to injury to the long thoracic nerve - The medial border of the scapula moves laterally and posteriorly away from the thoracic wall, giving the scapula the appearance of a wing
48
Name the muscle
SERRATUS ANTERIOR Origin: lateral parts of 1st-8thribs. Insertion: anterior surface of the medial border of scapula.
49
Infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular
50
The fibrous capsule surround the glenohumeral joint and is attached medially to the margin of the glenoid cavity and laterally to the anatomical neck of the humerus.
xxxx
51
blood supply to sternoclavicular joint
internal thoracic and suprascapular
52
supraspinatus function
initiates abduction, lateral rotator of humerus
53
humerus articulates with the scapula at the
glenohumeral joint
54
Name the muscle
LATISSIMUS DORSI Origin : aponeurosisof thoracolumberfascia, spinousprocesses of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest. Insertion : intertuberculargroove of humerus
55
teres major action
adduct and medially rotates
56
label the following:
A. superior border B. Medial border C. lateral border D. superior angle E. Glenoid F. Suprascapular fossa G. inferior angle H. Surgical neck I. Lesser tuberosity J. Greater tuberosity
57
Clavicle offers protection to the
neurovascular bundle supplying the upper limb
58
Fractures of the clavicle
1. clavicle shaft fracture (most common) 2. posterior fracture/ dislocation of sternoclavicular joint 3. distal clavicle fracture, ligaments disrupted \*weakest point of clavicle is between medial ⅔ & lateral ⅓ (where the 'S' is)
59
Name the muscle
Subclavius Origin: 1strib . Insertion: inferior surface of the clavicle.
60
sternoclavicular joint (type of joint)
synovial joint, saddle but functions as a ball and socket joint
61
label the following:
1. Trapizius 2. Rhomboid major 3. Infraspinatus 4. Teres minor 5. Teres major 6. Latissimus dorsi 7. Spine of scapula 8. Deltoid
62
label the following:
A. sternoclavicular B. Acromioclavicular C. Glenohumeral
63
pectoralis major function
adduct and medially rotates humerus
64
humerus articulates with the radius and ulna at the
elbow joint
65
Name the injury
1. Rotator cuff tendinitis 2. Partial rotator cuff tear 3. Partial rotator cuff tear and Subacromialbursitis 4. Calcific tendonitis
66
scapula has 3 borders, and they are:
1. vertebral (medial) 2. Axillary (lateral) 3. superior
67
axioappendicular muscle consists of (posterior) Exterior shoulder (4) & interior shoulder (5)
Exterior shoulder 1. Trapezius 2. levator scapulae 3. latissimus dorsi 4. rhomboid Interior shoulder 1. deltoid 2. supraspinatus 3. infraspinatus 4. teres minor 5. teres major
68
trapezius innervation
accessory nerve
69
subclavius Innervation
nerve to subclavius
70
serratus anterior Innervation
long thoracic nerve
71
Name the muscle
Pectoralis minor Origin: 3rd-5thribs . Insertion: coracoid process of scapula.
72
label the following:
A. clavicle B. Acromioclavicular C. acromion D. shaft of the humerus E. Infraspinous fossa F. spine of the scapula G. Supraspinatus fossa
73
pectoralis minor Innervation
medial pectoral nerve
74
Forearm
Elbow to wrist
75
levator scapulae innervation
dorsal scapular and cervical nerves
76
sternoclavicular joint divided into 2 compartments by an
articular disk (which serves as shock asborber)
77
Name the muscle
INFRASPINATUS & TERES MINOR Origin: Infraspinatusfossa (infraspinatus), posterolateralsurface of scapula scapula (teresminor). Insertion: greater tubercle.
78
sternoclavicular joint strengthened by
anterior & posterior sternoclavicular ligament and interclavicular ligament
79
acromioclavicular joint (type of joint)
plane synovial joint, the articular surface is covered with FIBROCARTILAGE
80
Upper limb is connected to the axial skeleton via
pectoral girdle (+bones of the free part of UL form the superior appendicular skeleton)
81
Name the muscle
SUBSCAPULARIS Origin : subscapular fossa. Insertion: lesser tubercle.
82
Label the following:
1. Glenoid Labrum 2. Biceps tendon 3. Synovial membrane 4. Glenoid articular cartilage
83
Infraspinatus & teres minor action
laterally rotate arm
84
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
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