Anatomy Of The Shoulder With Arthroscopy

Question 1

What bones make up the shoulder?

Answer 1

Humerus, Scapula & Clavicle

Question 2

The bones of the shoulder are connected by how many synovial joints?

Answer 2

Three

Question 3

What are the synovial joints of the shoulder?

Answer 3

The glenohumeral joint, the acromiclaviculat joint and the sternoclavicular joint

Question 4

The sternoclavicular joint connects the medial aspect of the clavicle to the _______ ?

Answer 4

Manubrium

Question 5

The Acromioclavicular or (AC) joint connects the distal articulating surface of the clavicle to the ______?

Answer 5

Acrimoion process of the scapula

Question 6

The AC joint is stabilized by how many ligaments?

Answer 6

Three

Question 7

What ligament connects the articulating surfaces of the distal head of the clavicle to the acromion process?

Answer 7

The acromioclavicular ligament

Question 8

ligaments anchor the distal aspect of the clavicle inferiorly to the _______?

Answer 8

Coracoid process

Question 9

The glenohumeral joint is made up of which two structures?

Answer 9

Glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus

Question 10

What are the static restraints of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 10

The glenoid labrum and the joint capsule which contains the glenohumeral ligaments

Question 11

What are the 3 ligaments of the joint capsule

Answer 11

Superior Glenohumeral Ligament
(SGHL)
Middle Glenohumeral Ligament (MGHL)
Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament
(IGHL)

Question 12

The SGHL connects medially to the Supraglenoid tubercle and laterally at the ________?

Answer 12

Superior aspect of the lesser tuberosity on the humerus

Question 13

Laterally the SGHL makes up the _______ or _________

Answer 13

Bicep sling or medial pulley

Question 14

The medial pulley that houses the long head of the bicep tendon consists of the __________ & __________?

Answer 14

The SGHL (which is the deep floor of the pulley)

&

The Coracohumeral Ligament (which is the superficial roof of the pulley)

Question 15

What ligaments limit superior translation and external rotation when the arm is ADducted ?

Answer 15

The SGHL or Superior glenohumeral ligament

Question 16

What ligament is inferior to the SGHL?

Answer 16

The MGHL or Middle Glenohumeral Ligament

Question 17

What ligament passes obliquely posterior to the Subscapularis tendon?

Answer 17

The MGHL

Question 18

The MGHL originates from the anterior/superior surface of the ________ and the __________

Answer 18

Labrum & Glenoid Neck Medially

Question 19

The MGHL inserts where?

Answer 19

Laterally on the lesser tuberosity of the humerus

Question 20

What ligament functions to limit anterior and posterior humeral translation with the arm abducted and externally rotated?

Answer 20

The MGHL

Note: also a secondary stabilizer to inferior translation in ADduction

Question 21

Which ligament is referred to as a hammock or a axillary pouch?

Answer 21

The inferior glenohumeral ligament complex

Question 22

The ______complex is the most important restraint of the Glenohumeral joint with the arm externally rotated in neutral and abducted position?

Answer 22

IGHL (Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament)

Question 23

When the arm is ABducted which ligament limits inferior translation of the humeral head?

Answer 23

The Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (IGHL)

Question 24

With the arm ABducted and externally rotated what limits anterior translation of the humeral head?

Answer 24

The Anterior Band of the IGHL

Question 25

When the arm is Abducted and internally rotated, what prevents posterior translation?

Answer 25

The posterior band of the IGHL

Question 26

What are the dynamic constraints of the shoulder?

Answer 26

Muscles , Tendons, Bursa and recesses

Question 27

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff from anterior to posterior?

Answer 27

Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor

Question 28

What shape is the Subscapularis muscle and where does it originate and insert?

Answer 28

Large triangle Originates on the Subscapular Fossa Insets on the lesser tuberosity of the numerous

Question 29

What is the triangle space between the Subscapularis anteriorly and supraspinatus superiorly

Answer 29

The rotator interval which is used by surgeons to place anterior portals

Question 30

Where does the supraspinatus originate and insert?

Answer 30

Supraspinous Fossa and the greater tuberosity of the humeral head

Question 31

The infraspinatus and the teres minor both originate on the ?

Answer 31

Infraspinous Fossa

Question 32

The supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor all insert on ?

Answer 32

The greater tuberosity of the humerus

Question 33

What anatomical variant of the humeral head indicates the transition between the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon?

Answer 33

The “bare area” and is a subtle triangle

Question 34

What arteries make the Arterial supply of the shoulder complex?

Answer 34

The aortic arch Brachioceohalic trunk Subclavian Artery Axillary artery Brachial artery

Question 35

List the venous return of the shoulder complex distal to medial

Answer 35

Brachial, cephalic, basilica, Axillary , subclavian, brachiocephalic and superior vena cava

Question 36

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus?

Answer 36

The suprascaplular nerve

Question 37

What nerve innervates the deltoid, long head of the triceps and teres minor of the rotator cuff

Answer 37

Axillary Nerve

Question 38

What nerve provides motor function to the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 38

The musculocutaneous nerve