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EMT-B > Anatomy/physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy/physiology Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Acromioclavicular

A

Joint where the acronym and clavicle meet

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2
Q

Acromion process

A

Highest portion of the shoulder

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3
Q

Alveoli

A

Microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange occurs with the bloodstream

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4
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in body. Transports blood from left ventricle to the begin systemic circulation

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5
Q

Appendix

A

Small tube located near the junction of the large and small intestines in RL quad of the abdomen

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6
Q

Arteriole

A

Smallest kind of artery

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7
Q

Atria

A

Two upper chambers of the heart. Right atrium receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body. Left atrium receives unoxygenated blood from the lungs

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8
Q

Automaticity

A

Ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own

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9
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Division of peripheral nervous system which controls involuntary motor functions

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10
Q

Bladder

A

Round sac like organ of the renal system used to store urine

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11
Q

Brachial artery

A

Artery of the upper arm. Site of pulse checked during infant CPR

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12
Q

Bronchi

A

Two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. Left and right bronchi

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13
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

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14
Q

Capillary

A

Thin walled, microscopic blood vessel where oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place

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15
Q

Cardiac conduction system

A

System of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat

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16
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

System made up of the heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular). Sometimes called circulatory system

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17
Q

Carotid arteries

A

Large neck arteries, one on each side. Carries blood from the heart to head

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18
Q

Carpals

A

Wrist bones

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19
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

The brain and spinal cord

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20
Q

Central pulses

A

Carotid and femoral pulses found within the central part of the body

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21
Q

Clavicle

A

Collarbone

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22
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart

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23
Q

Cranium

A

Top, back, and sides of the skull

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24
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx

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25
Dermis
2nd layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, right below the epidermis
26
Diaphragm
Major muscle of respiration. Muscular structure that divides the chest from the abdomen cavity.
27
Diastolic blood pressure
Pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling
28
Digestive system
Breaks down food
29
Dorsalis pedis artery
Artery supplying the foot. Lateral the tendon of the big toe
30
Endocrine system
System of glands that produce hormones which help regulate and function the body
31
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin
32
Epiglottis
Leaf shaped structure that prevents food from entering the trachea
33
Epinephrine
Hormone produced by body. Used to relieve severe allergic reactions
34
Femoral artery
Major artery supplying the leg
35
Femur
Large bone of the thigh
36
Fibula
Lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg
37
Gallbladder
Sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver
38
Humerus
Bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and elbow
39
Hypo perfusion
Aka shock. When the body cannot adequately circulate O2 and nutrients to the body's cells
40
Ilium
Superior and widest portion of the pelvis
41
Insulin
Hormone produced by the pancreas
42
Involuntary muscle
Muscles that respond automatically to brain signals, but cannot be consciously controlled
43
Ischium
The lower, posterior portions of the pelvis
44
Kidneys
Organ of the renal system. Used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body
45
Large intestines
Muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from small intestines and moves the rest to excretion
46
Larynx
Voice box
47
Ligament
Tissues that connects bone to bone
48
Liver
Largest organ of the body. Produces bike to assist in breakdown of fats and assist in metabolism of various substances in the body
49
Lymphatic system
System composed of organs, tissues, and vessels that help maintain fluid levels, and contribute to the body's immune system
50
Malleolus
Protrusion on the side of the ankles
51
Mandible
Lower jaw bone
52
Manubrium
Superior portion of the sternum
53
Maxillae
Two fused bones forming the upper jaw
54
Metacarpals
Hand bones
55
Metatarsals
Foot bones
56
Musculoskeletal system
System of bones that support and protect the body, and allow movement
57
Nasal bones
Nose bones
58
Nasopharynx
Are directly posterior to the nose
59
Nervous system
System of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought
60
Orbits
Eye sockets
61
Oropharynx
Area directly posterior to the mouth
62
Pancreas
Gland behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food
63
Patella
The kneecap
64
Pelvis
Basin shaped bony structure that supports the spine and point of proximal attachment for lower extremities
65
Perfusion
Circulation through the body via capillaries
66
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Nerves that travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord
67
Peripheral pulses
Radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses felt via peripheral points on the body
68
Phalanges
Toe bones and finger bones
69
Pharynx
Area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. Made up of the oropharynx and nasopharynx
70
Plasma
Fluid portion of blood
71
Platelets
Components of blood. Membrane enclosed fragments of specialized cells
72
Posterior tibial artery
Artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle
73
Pubis
Medial anterior portion of the pelvis
74
Pulmonary arteries
Vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
75
Pulmonary veins
Vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
76
Pulse
Rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries
77
Radial artery
Artery of the lower arm. Thumb side of the wrist
78
Radius
Lateral bone of the forearm
79
Renal system
Also called urinary system. Regulates fluid balance and filtration of blood
80
Respiration
Process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells
81
Respiratory system
System of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide
82
Scapula
Shoulder blade
83
Shock
Hypo perfusion
84
Small intestines
Muscular tube between the stomach and large intestines. Divided into sections: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Takes nutrients from food
85
Spleen
LU quad of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and reservoir for blood
86
Sternum
Breastbone
87
Stomach
Muscular sac between the esophagus and small intestines where digestion begins
88
Subcutaneous layers
Layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis
89
Systolic blood pressure
Pressure created in arteries when left ventricle contracts and forces blood into circulation
90
Tarsals
The ankle bones
91
Acetabulum
The pelvic socket where the proximal end of the femur fits to from the hip joint

EMT-B (6 decks)

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