Anatomy & Physiology - Musculoskeletal system

Question 1

What is flexion:

Answer 1

• Decreasing the angle at the joint

Question 2

What is extension:

Answer 2

• Increasing the angle at the joint

Question 3

What is plantar-flexion:

Answer 3

• Pointing your toes (downwards)

Question 4

What is dross-flexion:

Answer 4

• Flexing your toes (upwards)

Question 5

What is Adduction:

Answer 5

• The movement towards the midline of the body

Question 6

What is Abduction:

Answer 6

• The movement away from the midline of the body

Question 7

What is Horizontal Abduction:

Answer 7

• The movement away from the body with limbs parallel to the ground

Question 8

What is Horizontal Adduction:

Answer 8

• The movement towards the body with limbs parallel to the ground

Question 9

What is the plane & Axis for Abduction & Adduction:

Answer 9

Plane - Frontal

Axis - Sagital

Question 10

What is the plane & Axis for Flexion & Extension:

Answer 10

Plane - Sagital

Axis - Transvers

Question 11

What is the Plane & Axis for Horizontal Abduction & Adduction:

Answer 11

Plane - Transvers

Axis - Longitudonal

Question 12

What are the articulating bones at the Shoulder:

Answer 12

• Humorous
• Clavical

Question 13

What are the articulating bones at the Elbow:

Answer 13

• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna

Question 14

What are the articulating bones at the Hip:

Answer 14

• Femur
• Pelvis

Question 15

What are the articulating bones at the Knee:

Answer 15

• Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula

Question 16

What are the articulating bones at the Ankle:

Answer 16

• Tibia
• Fibula
• Talus

Question 17

What are the muscles used at a Shoulder joint:

Answer 17

• Deltoid
• Pectoralis major
• Latissimus Dorsi

Question 18

What are the muscles used at a Elbow joint:

Answer 18

• Biceps
• Triceps

Question 19

What are the muscles used at a Hip joint:

Answer 19

• Hip flexor
• Gluteus maximus

Question 20

What are the muscles used at a Knee joint:

Answer 20

• Quadriceps
• Hamstrings

Question 21

What are the muscles used at a Ankle joint:

Answer 21

• Tibialis anterior
• Gastrocnemius
• Soleus

Question 22

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Elbow occurs:

Answer 22

Agonist - Biceps

Antagonist - Triceps

Question 23

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extensions at the Elbow occurs:

Answer 23

Agonist - Triceps

Antagonist - Biceps

Question 24

What is the agonist & antagonist when Plantar-flexion at the Ankle occurs:

Answer 24

Agonist - Gastrocenmius

Antagonist - Tibialis anterior

Question 25

What is the agonist & antagonist when Doris-flexion at the Ankle occurs:

Answer 25

Agonist - Tibialis anterior Antagonist - Gastrocenmius

Question 26

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Knee occurs:

Answer 26

Agonist - Hamstrings Antagonist - Quadriceps

Question 27

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension at the Knee occurs:

Answer 27

Agonist - Quadriceps Antagonist - Hamstrings

Question 28

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Hip occurs:

Answer 28

Agonist - Hip flexor Antagonist - Gluteus maximus

Question 29

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension/hyperextension at the Hip occurs:

Answer 29

Agonist - Gluteus maximus Antagonist - Hip flexor

Question 30

What is the agonist & antagonist when Adduction at the Hip occurs:

Answer 30

Agonist - Adductor Antagonist - Gluteus medius

Question 31

What is the agonist & antagonist when Abduction at the Hip occurs:

Answer 31

Agonist - Gluteus medius Antagonist - Adductor

Question 32

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal adduction at the Hip occurs:

Answer 32

Agonist - Adductors Antagonist - Gluteus medius

Question 33

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal abduction at the Hip occurs:

Answer 33

Agonist - Gluteus medius Antagonist - Adductors

Question 34

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 34

Agonist - Deltoid Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

Question 35

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension/hyperextension at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 35

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi Antagonist - Deltoid

Question 36

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal Abduction at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 36

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi Antagonist - Pectorals

Question 37

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal Adduction at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 37

Agonist - Pectorals Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

Question 38

What is the agonist & antagonist when Adduction at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 38

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi Antagonist - Deltoid

Question 39

What is the agonist & antagonist when Abduction at the Shoulder occurs:

Answer 39

Agonist - Deltoid Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

Question 40

What are the 4 types of muscular contraction:

Answer 40

1) Isotonic contraction 2) Concentric contraction 3) Eccentric contraction 4) Isometric contraction

Question 41

What is a Isotonic contraction:

Answer 41

- Describes a change in the muscular length caused by movement (split into 2 types of contraction- concentric & eccentric)

Question 42

What is a concentric contraction:

Answer 42

- The muscles become shorter as it undergoes contraction/tension

Question 43

What is a Eccentric contraction:

Answer 43

- The muscle lengthens under tension and acts like a break

Question 44

What is a Isometric contraction:

Answer 44

- Opposite of Isotonic contraction as there is NO movement or change in muscle length as it undergoes contraction