Anatomy Quiz 3

Question 1

Periosteum

Answer 1

A glistening white, double-layered membrane
overs the external surface of the entire bone except the joint surfaces

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.

Question 2

Diaphysis

Answer 2

Shaft
Forms the long axis of the bone. It is constructed of a relatively thick collar of compact bone that surrounds a central medullary cavity or marrow cavity, that contains no bone tissue.

Question 3

Epiphysis

Answer 3

The bone ends.
An outer shell of compact bone forms the epiphysis exterior and the interior contains spongy bone

Question 4

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 4

Growth plate
a disc of hyaline cartilage that grows during childhood to lengthen the bone

Question 5

Articular Cartilage

Answer 5

overs the joint surface of each epiphysis, cushioning the opposing bone ends during movement and absorbing stress.

Which cover the ends of most bones at movable joints

Question 6

Meniscus

Answer 6

cartilage in the knee that acts as a shock absorber between the shinbone and thighbone

Right knee joint

Question 7

Joint cavity

Answer 7

a small, fluid-filled space between bones where they move against each other

Only synovial joints have a joint cavity.

Question 8

Synovial Fluid

Answer 8

a thick, viscous fluid that lubricates and protects the ends of bones in synovial joints

Nearly all joints of the limbs—indeed, most joints of the body—fall into this class.

Question 9

Functional Classification: Synarthroses

Answer 9

immovable joints

Question 10

Functional Classification: Amphiarthroses

Answer 10

Slightly movable joints

Question 11

Functional Classification: Diarthroses

Answer 11

Freely movable joints (synovial joints)

Question 12

Structural Classification:

Answer 12

1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial

Question 13

Fibrous joint

Answer 13

bones joined by collagen fibers of connective tissue

Question 14

Fibrous joint: Sutures

Answer 14

found only between bones of skull

Question 15

Fibrous joint: Syndesmoses

Answer 15

Junction of bones held together by ligaments

Question 16

Fibrous joint: Gomphoses

Answer 16

Tooth attached to socket with periodontal ligament

Question 17

Cartilaginous

Answer 17

bones joined by cartilage

Question 18

Cartilaginous joint: Synchondroses

Answer 18

joints of hyaline cartilage between the shaft and the epiphyseal plates of growing long bones

Question 19

Cartilaginous joint: Symphyses

Answer 19

bones are joined by fibrocartilage

Question 20

Synovial

Answer 20

articulating bones are separated by a fluid-filled cavity

most joints are classified this way

Question 21

6 shape categories within synovial joints

Answer 21

1. Plane
2. Condylar
3. Ball and socket
4. Hinge
5. Saddle
6. Pivot

Question 22

Carpals

Answer 22

8 bones

Question 23

Metacarpals

Answer 23

5 bones

Question 24

Phalanges (Forelimb)

Answer 24

14 bones

Question 25

Metatarsals

Answer 25

5 bones

Question 26

Phalanges (Hindlimb)

Answer 26

14 bones