Anatomy Resit

Question 1

What are the Ligaments of the elbow

Answer 1

Ulner collateral
Radial collateral
Annular ligament

Question 2

Main muscles that flex the elbow

Answer 2

Biceps brachii
Brachialis

Question 3

Main muscles that extend the elbow

Answer 3

Triceps brachii
Anconeus

Question 4

What type of joint is the elbow joint and what are its articulations

Answer 4

Synovial hinge joint and the articulations are the distal humerus and proximal ulna

Question 5

What are the main bony points of the elbow

Answer 5

Radius, humerus, ulna, olecranon

Question 6

What type of joint is the wrist and what are its articulations.

Answer 6

Condyloid joint- allows for flexion, extension and a little bit of ulner and radial deviation
Articulations are distal end of radius and scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

Question 7

Main joints of the shoulder

Answer 7

Sternoclavicular
Glenohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Scapulothoracic

Question 8

What type of joint is the shoulder and what are the articulations

Answer 8

Synovial multi axial ball and socket joint and the articulations are the head of the humerus and glenoid fossa

Question 9

Describe the structure and function of the glenoid labrum

Answer 9

Made out of fibrocartilage it deepens the socket because it is an unstable joint also reduces friction and helps absorb shock

Question 10

What are the major ligaments of the shoulder complex

Answer 10

Acromioclavicular ligament
Sternoclavicular ligament
3 glenohumeral ligaments
Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 11

What are the rotator cuff muscles and explain there function

Answer 11

Supraspinatus, teres minor, subscap, Infraspinatus

All muscles act as dynamic stabilisers and act as accessory ligaments

Question 12

What are the movements of the shoulder joint and shoulder girdle

Answer 12

Shoulder joint- flexion, Extension, internal/external rotation, abduction, aduction

Shoulder girdle- elevation, depression, protraction, retraction

Question 13

Muscles of spine flexion

Answer 13

Rectus abdominus
External/internal oblique
Psoas major

Question 14

Muscles of spine flexion

Answer 14

Rectus abdominus
External/internal oblique
Psoas major

Question 15

Muscles of spine extension

Answer 15

Erector spinae muscles
Multifidi
Quadratus lumborum
Rotatores

Question 16

Muscles of spine lateral flexion

Answer 16

Erector spinae, multifidi, quadratus lumborum, external/internal oblique

Question 17

Muscles of spine rotation

Answer 17

Multifidi
External/internal oblique
Rotators

Question 18

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 18

Subscap
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Supraspinatus

Question 19

Flexion of shoulder joint muscles

Answer 19

Deltoid
Coracobrachiallis
Biceps brachii
Pec major

Question 20

Muscles that abduct the shoulder girdle

Answer 20

Supraspinatus
Deltoid
Trapezius
Serratus anterior

Question 21

Wrist muscles

Answer 21

Flexor Carpi radialis
Palmaris Longus

Question 22

Elbow muscles

Answer 22

Brachialis
Anconeus

Question 23

Wrist supination and pronation muscles

Answer 23

Supinator
Biceps brachii

Question 24

What are the major bony points of a typical vertebra

Answer 24

Spinous process
Lamina
Pedicle
Vertebral body
Transverse process
Posterior tubercle
Anterior tubercle
Vertebral foremen
Super articular process

Question 25

Describe the structure and function of the intervertebral disc

Answer 25

Made out of fibrocartilage. Helps with lubrication, shock absorption and reduces friction

Question 26

Describe the structure of the atlas and axis complex

Answer 26

Atlas is a ring of bone it’s got no vertebral body, no spinous process and sits on top of the axis on the dens

Question 27

What muscles elevate the shoulder girdle

Answer 27

Trapezius Levator scapulae Rhomboid

Question 28

What muscles protract the shoulder girdle

Answer 28

Serratus anterior Pec major Pec minor

Question 29

Which muscles retract the shoulder girdle

Answer 29

Trapezius Rhomboids Latissimus Dorsi

Question 30

What are the muscles used for shoulder extension

Answer 30

Deltoid Lattisimus dorsi Teres major