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MS1 Anat Term Block 1 Week 1 > Anatomy Term > Flashcards

Anatomy Term Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

Median Plane

A

vertical plane that passes longitudinally through the body

equal L and R halves
mid-sagittal or median sagittal plane

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2
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

vertical planes that pass longitudinally through the body parallel to the median plane

unequal L and R halves
parasagittal plane

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3
Q

Coronal Plane (Frontal)

A

Vertical Planes that pass through the body at right angles to the median plane.

Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

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4
Q

Horizontal (transverse) planes

A

pass through the body at R angles to themedian and coronal planes

Divides the body into upper and lower portions
axial/transaxial plane

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5
Q

Superficial

A

structure nearer to the surface

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6
Q

Deep

A

structure farther from the surface

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7
Q

Medial

A

structure nearer to the median plane

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Structures are farther from the median plane

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9
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

nearer to the front

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10
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A

nearer to the back

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11
Q

Superior (cranial)

A

nearer to the head

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12
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

nearer to the feet

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13
Q

Proximal

A

structures are nearer to the point of origin or the trunk

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14
Q

Distal

A

structures are farther from the point of origin or the trunk

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15
Q

External (outer)

A

toward or part of the surface

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16
Q

Internal (internal)

A

toward or part of the interior

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17
Q

central

A

near the center

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18
Q

peripheral

A

away from the center

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19
Q

parietal

A

pertains to the wall of the cavity

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20
Q

visceral

A

the covering of an organ

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21
Q

Bilateral

A

structures are paired with one on the right and left

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22
Q

Unilateral

A

one side only, unpaired

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23
Q

ipsilateral

A

structures are on the same side of the body from a point of reference

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24
Q

Contralateral

A

structures are on the opposite side of the body from a point of reference

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25
Flexion
bending or decreasing the angle between body parts relative to the starting angle in the antatomical postion
26
Extension
Indicates straightening or increasing the angle between body parts relative to the starting angle in the anatomical position
27
Adduction
moving towards the median plane Hand: in reference to the middle finger Foot: in reference to the second toe
28
Abduction
moving away from the median plane
29
Rotation
turning or revolving a part of the body about its longitudinal axis
30
Medial Rotation
Internal | Brings the surface of a limb nearer to the median plane
31
Lateral Rotation
External Takes anterior surface away from the median plane
32
Circumduction
circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
33
Supination
rotating the hand and forearm about its longitudinal axis so that the palm faces anteriorly (up)
34
Pronation
rotation of the hand and forearm so the palm faces posteriorly
35
Eversion
moves the sole of the foot away from the midline raise lateral side
36
Inversion
moves the sole of the foot towards the midline
37
protrusion (protraction)
moves a structure anteriorly | stick out your jaw
38
retrusion (retraction)
moves a structure posteriorly
39
Axial skeleton consists of
``` skull hyoid bone 33 vertebrae 12 pairs of ribs sternum ```
40
Appendicular skeleton
Limb girdles - scapula and clavicle - articulates with the sternum of the axial skeleton Coxal (hip) bone - ilium, ischium and pubis -articulates with the sacrum
41
Upper limbs
brachium (arm) antebrachium (forearm) carpus (Wrist) hand
42
Lower limbs
thigh crus (leg) tarsus (ankle) foot
43
Long bones
tubular length > width have a body (shaft/diaphysis) with a marrow cavity and two ends (epiphyses)
44
Short bones
cuboidal | found only in the wrist (carpus) an ankle (tarus)
45
Flat bones
squamous bones two plates of compact bone with spongy bone marrow in between protect/reinforce structures skull, ribs, sternum, scapula
46
Irregular bones
various shapes | all skull bones that are not flat, vertebrae and hip bones
47
Sesamoid bones
develop in tendons found where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the limbs (patella) protect tendons from excessive wear and often change the angle of the tendons as they pass their attachments
48
Accessory (supernumerary) bones
extra bones that develop from additional ossification centers many eventually fuse sometimes they do not fuse, giving the appearance of an extra bone accessary bones called sutural/wormian bones are commonly seen in skull sutures
49
bone markings
appear wherever tendons, ligaments and fascia are attached or where arteries lie adjacent to or enter bones
50
Linear elevations
lines/ridges | if prominent=crest
51
condyles
rounded articular areas
52
Relatively large elevations are __ ___ or __
processes tuberosities trochanters
53
smaller elevations are __ __ or __
protuberances, tubercles or spines
54
spinous process
a projecting spine like part
55
depressed areas are ___ __ __ or __
fossae cavities antra fovea
56
elongated furrow or depression
groove or sulcus
57
facets
small, smooth flat areas of bone usually where two bones come together often covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage
58
Foramen
a hole or passage through a bone
59
Meatus
opening but not an exit
60
Canal
is an opening with an entrance and exit
61
most muscles attached to bone via
non-contractile tendons
62
Names of muscles are based on
shape, size, number of heads/bellies, position, depth,, attachments, actions
63
Origin
usually more proximal and tends to be fixed during contraction
64
Insertion
usually more distal and moves during contraction
65
Actions
not all true actions of the muscle are apparent.
66
Muscle fuction
a muscle must cross a joint to produce an action at that joint if it crosses more that one, its action and ROM at one may be affected by the positions of the others
67
muscle contractions produce movement by
pulling (never pushing) the movable attachment (insertion) towards the fixed attachment (origin)
68
Ampulla
L full + vase
69
Annulus
L little ring
70
Antrum
L arch shaped
71
Brevis
L short
72
Caput
L head
73
carpus
G wrist
74
Cauda
tail
75
cervix
L neck
76
Collateral
L together + side
77
Coronary
L pertaining to wreath
78
Corpus
L body
79
Crista
L crest
80
Cruciate
pertaining to a cross L
81
Crus
L | leg
82
Fornix
L cellar or vault
83
Gastro
G stomach
84
Genu
L knee or bend
85
Hallux
L great toe
86
Helix
G coil
87
Hiatus
L gap
88
Hilum
L attachment of a seed
89
Hypo
G under
90
Longus
L long, longissimus, the longest
91
Magnus
L great
92
Meatus
L passage
93
Papilla
L nipple
94
Para
G beside
95
Peri
G surrounding
96
Petro
L rocky
97
Phren
G diaphragm
98
pollex
l thumb
99
Rectus
L straight
100
Retro
L behind
101
Sulcus
groove L
102
supra
L above
103
Syn
G together
104
Teres
L | round, smooth
105
thenar
G palm of the hand
106
trochlea
L pulley
107
Tunica
L covering or coat
108
Vas
L | vessel or dish
109
Vermis
L worm

MS1 Anat Term Block 1 Week 1 (1 decks)

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