Anatomy Test 1 Review

Question 1

What is seen in a mid-saggital section of the human body

Answer 1

Heart

Intestines

Colon

Brain

Question 2

What is not seen in a mid-saggital cross section?

Answer 2

Lungs

kidneys

spleen

ovaries

Question 3

What is the axis of rotation for lateral and medial movements?

Answer 3

Cranio-caudal

Question 4

What is the axis of rotation for flexion and extension?

Answer 4

Left-Right or transverse

Question 5

What describes the dermis?

Answer 5

Vascular and innervated

Question 6

What categories make up special connective tissue

Answer 6

Adipose

Bone

Cartilage

Hematopoeitic

Question 7

What categories make up Adult CT?

Answer 7

Loose

Dense

Elastic

Reticular

Question 8

Which of the GAGS make up the basement membrane?

Answer 8

Heparin Sulfate

Question 9

Which of the GAGs is the most abundant?

Answer 9

Chondroitin Sulfate

Question 10

What is the difference between white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue?

Answer 10

White is unilocular

Brown is multilocular- this means it has a bunch of white sacs within it

Question 11

What do fibroblasts do?

Answer 11

Synthesizes ECM and collagen found in it

Question 12

When does ossification occur?

Answer 12

When hydroxyapatite is laid down

Question 13

When does ossification not occur?

Answer 13

During calcification, when calcium is laid down

Question 14

What are all the long bones

Answer 14

Metacarpals

Metatarsals

Phalanges

Radius/Ulna/Humerus

Femur/Tibia/Fibula

Question 15

What are all the short bones

Answer 15

Tarsals

Carpals

Question 16

What are all the flat bones

Answer 16

Scapula

Sternum

Ribs

Skull bones

Question 17

Name the sesamoid bones

Answer 17

Pisiform

Patella

Question 18

Name the irregular bones

Answer 18

Vertebrae

Sacrum

Question 19

What is the difference between spongy bone and hyalin cartilage on a slide?

Answer 19

Spongy bone is more branched

*Remember pink slide

Question 20

What are the 3 types of joints?

Answer 20

Cartilaginous (Amphiarthrosis)

Fibrous (Synarthrosis)

Synovial (Diarthrosis)

Question 21

2 Types of cartilage joints

Answer 21

Symphysis

Ex. Pubic Symphysis

Synchondrosis

Ex. First sternocostal joint

Question 22

3 Types of Fibrous Joints

Answer 22

Suture

Ex. Joints between calvaria (skull bones)

Gomphosis

Ex. Teeth Joints

Syndesmosis

Ex. Interosseous membrane

Question 23

4 Axis for Synovial Joints (diarthrotic) and their types

Answer 23

Uniaxial

• Hinge
  
  • Elbow/Knee
• Pivot
  
  • Radioulnar

Biaxial

• Condyloid
  
  • Finger Joints
• Saddle
  
  • Thumb Joint

Triaxial

• Ball and Socket
  
  • Glenohumeral
  • Femoroacetabular

Nonaxial

• Plane Joints
  
  • Sternoclavicular
  • Scapuloclavicular

Question 24

Diarthrotic joints have parts that are more vascular and more innervated than other parts. What are they?

Answer 24

Inner synovial membrane -> More Vascularized

Outer Fibrous Capsule –> More Innervated

Question 25

What is the function of a fixator?

Answer 25

Stabilizes the joint

Question 26

What is the function of a synergist?

Answer 26

Eliminates unwanted movement

Question 27

Hierarchy of muscle CT

Answer 27

Epimysium (Covers Muscles) Perimysium (Covers Fascicles) Endomysium (Covers Myofibers)

Question 28

White Light Fast Muscle Fibers Have what characteristics?

Answer 28

Less Mitochondria Less Myoglobin More ATPase Very Fatiguable

Question 29

Red Slow Muscle Fibers have what characteristics?

Answer 29

More Mitochondria More Myoglobin Less ATPase Are More Fatigue Resistant

Question 30

What muscle is found in the superficial cervical fascia?

Answer 30

Platysma muscle

Question 31

What is found in the superficial fascia of the pectoral region?

Answer 31

Platysma Supraclavicular nerves Lateral branches of the intercostal nerves

Question 32

What are the muscles found within the clavipectoral region?

Answer 32

Subclavius Pectoralis Minor

Question 33

What pierces the Clavipectoral Fascia

Answer 33

Cephalic Vein Thoracoacromial Arteries Lateral Pectoralis Nerves

Question 34

What are the 6 Muscles found within the Prevertebral Fascia?

Answer 34

Levator Scapulae Scalenus Anterior Scalenus Medius Scalenus Posterior Omohoid Splenius Capitis

Question 35

What are the boundaries of the Cervical Lateral Triangle? (Anterior/Posterior/Inferior/Roof)

Answer 35

Anterior --\> Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid Posterior --\> Anterior border of the trapezius Inferior --\> Clavicle Roof --\> Skin

Question 36

What term refers to the aggregation of nerve cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses in the CNS?

Answer 36

Nucleus

Question 37

What term refers to the aggregation of nerve cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses in the PNS?

Answer 37

Ganglion

Question 38

A bundle of axons in the CNS is called?

Answer 38

A Tract

Question 39

A bundle of axons in the PNS is called?

Answer 39

A Nerve

Question 40

What is the definition of a commissure?

Answer 40

Tracts in the CNS that cross from one side to the other

Question 41

Where do motor neurons enter the spinal cord?

Answer 41

Through the anterior horns

Question 42

Where do sensory neurons enter the spinal cord?

Answer 42

At the posterior horns

Question 43

What 3 structures are contained in the axillary sheath?

Answer 43

Axillary artery Axillary veins Brachial Plexus

Question 44

What does the head of the radius articulate with?

Answer 44

The capitulum of the humerus because the head is on the proximal side

Question 45

What does the head of the ulna articulate with?

Answer 45

The Triquetral because it is on the distal side

Question 46

What muscles lie superior and inferior of the spiral groove of the humerus? What nerve and artery runs through the spiral groove?

Answer 46

Triceps Radial Nerve and Brachial Artery

Question 47

Where does the Deltoid muscle attach on the anterior side of the humerus?

Answer 47

Deltoid Tuberosity

Question 48

What are the bones in the Wrist?

Answer 48

Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform Trapezium Trapeziud Capitate Hamate

Question 49

What are the contents of the Deltopectoral (clavipectoral) region?

Answer 49

Cephalic Vein Deltopectoral Lymph nodes Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery

Question 50

What are the borders of the deltopectoral region?

Answer 50

Deltoid Pectoralis Minor Middle 1/3 of your clavicle