anatomy101

Question 1

synchondrosis

Answer 1

primary cartilage

btw metaphysis and epiphysis

Question 2

symphisis

Answer 2

secondary cartilage

pubic symphisis

Question 3

uniaxial joint

Answer 3

plane, pivot, hinge

Question 4

biaxial

Answer 4

condyloid, saddle

Question 5

multiaxial

Answer 5

ball & socket

Question 6

splenius capitis

Answer 6

O: C7-T4
I: head

Question 7

splenius cervicis

Answer 7

O: T3-T6
I: C1-C4

Question 8

cartilage (3 types)

Answer 8

hyalinis
elastic
fibro-cartilage

Question 9

fibrous joints

Answer 9

suture (skull)
syndesmoses (btw tibia and fibula)
gomphosis (tooth)

Question 10

gomphosis

Answer 10

fibrous joint (tooth)

Question 11

syndesmoses

Answer 11

fibrous joint (tibia/ fibula)

Question 12

cartilagenous joints

Answer 12

primary (synchondrosis - metaphysis/epiphysis)

secondary (symphisis - pubic symphisis)

Question 13

synovial joints

Answer 13

uniaxial (plane, pivot, hinge)
biaxial (condyloid, saddle))
multiaxial (ball and socket)

Question 14

plane, pivot, hinge

Answer 14

uniaxial

Question 15

condyloid, saddle

Answer 15

biaxial

Question 16

ball and socket

Answer 16

multiaxial

Question 17

functional joints

Answer 17

synarthrosis (0)
amphiarthrosis (0/1)
diarthrosis (1)

Question 18

synarthrosis

Answer 18

0

Question 19

amphiarthrosis

Answer 19

0/1

Question 20

diarthrosis

Answer 20

1

Question 21

3 structural joints

Answer 21

fibrous (almost no more in adults: suture, syndesmoses and gomphosis)
cartilagenous (primary/synchondrosis and secondary/symphisis)
synovial (most joints)

Question 22

compact bone

Answer 22

lamellae
Volkmann’s canals
Haversian

Question 23

spongy bone

Answer 23

trabeculae

Question 24

endosteum

Answer 24

less blood supply, no nerve fiber

Question 25

most superficial back muscle

Answer 25

spinotransverse

Question 26

deepest back muscle

Answer 26

transversospinalis

Question 27

N? rectus capitis posterior and obliquus

Answer 27

C1 nerve

Question 28

N? sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 28

C11 (accessory)

Question 29

How many C nerves

Answer 29

8

Question 30

example flat bone?

Answer 30

bone of the skull, ribs, sternum

Question 31

example of irregular bone?

Answer 31

vertebrae and some bones of the skull

Question 32

classification of joints (functional)

Answer 32

synarthrosis amphiarthrosis diarthrosis

Question 33

classification of joints (structural)

Answer 33

fibrous cartilaginous synovial

Question 34

primary cartilagenous joint

Answer 34

``` synchondrosis epiphyseal lines (btw meta and epiphysis) ```

Question 35

secondary cartilagenous joint

Answer 35

symphisis | pubic symphisis

Question 36

fibrous joints

Answer 36

suture - skull syndesmoses - btw tibia and fibula gomphosis - tooth and socket alveolar process

Question 37

how many pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 37

31 pairs

Question 38

how many of each spinal nerves

Answer 38

``` 8C 12T 5L 5S 1Co ```

Question 39

how many contact points C1 & C2

Answer 39

3 (2 facets + dens with anterior articular facet of anterior arch of atlas)

Question 40

accessory process on?

Answer 40

lamina

Question 41

mamillary process on?

Answer 41

SAP

Question 42

promontory angle btw male female?

Answer 42

more obtuse in female (less kyphotic, more straight)

Question 43

spina bifida

Answer 43

occulta: hidden, mildest cystica: most severe, protusion of meninges or spinal cord

Question 44

spina bifida cystica

Answer 44

minongocele: least common, verterbrae normal but meninges forced into gaps btw vertebrae myelomenigocele: most common, unfused portion of spinal column allow spinal cord to protude through opening

Question 45

synostoses

Answer 45

full ossification of 2 connectinb bones sutures (abnormal unless epiphyseal

Question 46

anterior intervertebral joint

Answer 46

btw vertebral bodies 2nd cartilaginous anterior and posterior long ligaments

Question 47

posterior intervertebral joint

Answer 47

``` facet joint or zygapophyseal joint ligamentum flavum interspinous supraspinous intertransverse ```

Question 48

ligatmentum flavum on?

Answer 48

lamina

Question 49

route of bertebral artery

Answer 49

travels up transverse foramen and crosses into suboccipital triangle at C1 andinto skull via foramen magnum

Question 50

2 segmental muscles? | roles?

Answer 50

interspinous intertransvere propioceptive

Question 51

where intertransverse most prominant?

Answer 51

cervical

Question 52

innervation suboccipital muscles

Answer 52

C1 dorsal rami

Question 53

suboccipital triangle: floor, roof and content?

Answer 53

floor: posterior atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial membranes roof: semispinalis content: verterbral artery and fibrous capsule

Question 54

flexion of the spinal column achieved by?

Answer 54

abdominal wall muscles flex lumbar sternocleidomastoid flex cervical prevertebral muscles do cervical too

Question 55

ipsilateral or contralateral? | splenius

Answer 55

ipsilateral

Question 56

ipsilateral or contralateral? | semispinalis

Answer 56

contralateral

Question 57

ipsilateral or contralateral? | multifidi

Answer 57

contralateral

Question 58

ipsilateral or contralateral? | rotatores

Answer 58

contralateral

Question 59

ipsilateral or contralateral? | obliquus capitis

Answer 59

ipsilateral

Question 60

ipsilateral or contralateral? | sternocleidomastoid

Answer 60

contralateral

Question 61

innervation sternocleidomastoid

Answer 61

C11

Question 62

are O and I permanent?

Answer 62

no, depend on action

Question 63

4 prevetebral muscles + innevration

Answer 63

longus colli longus capitis rectus capitis anterior rectus capitis lateralis N: anterior primary rami of C nerve

Question 64

which muscles attach anterior vertebral bodies?

Answer 64

longus colli and longus capitis

Question 65

function synovial liquid?

Answer 65

nourishes, lubricates BUT NOT SHOCK ABSORPTION

Question 66

compact bone fed by?

Answer 66

canals and blood vessels

Question 67

spongy bone fed by?

Answer 67

bone marrow

Question 68

osteophytes

Answer 68

bony processed occur physical contact, some fuse together and cause complete stiffening

Question 69

syndestosis?

Answer 69

full ossification of bone

Question 70

difference btw primary and 2nd cartilaginous joints?

Answer 70

all primary cartilaginous joints turn syndestosis

Question 71

what meninges receive minimal innervation = some sensitivity

Answer 71

dura mater

Question 72

name and what in cavity long bone?

Answer 72

medullar cavity | yellow marrow