Ancient Civilizations - Middle East and Greece Flashcards
(33 cards)
What were the major civilizations of Mespopatamia
CHAAPS Chaldeans, Hittites, Amorites, Assyrians, Persions, Sumerians
How were Mesopotamia cultures ruled?
All autocratic - single ruler served as head of gov. These rulers were tyrannical, militaristic leaders who controlled all aspects of life
Which culture developed monotheistic religion that eventually developed into Judaism and Christianity
Hebrew
Major accomplishments of Persian Culture
Conquerers, but allowed those they conquered to keep their own laws and traditions. Developed an alphabet and practiced Zoroastrianism and Mithraism
Which culture developed Linear A
Minoan - Used a syllabic writing system (Linear A) and built large colorful palaces
Major accomplishments of Mycenean Culture
Practiced a religion that grew into the Greek pantheon, worshipping Zeus and other Olympian gods. Developed Linear B
Explain the term ‘fertile crescent’
Area in SW Asia and the Mediterranean basin were earliest civilizations arose. Provided raw materials for the development of advanced civilizations but also saw waves of migration and invasion
Explain the structure of sumer
located in souther Mesopatmia, consisted of 12 city-states. Each had its own gods and the leader served as the highest priest
5 legacies of Sumerian culture
invention of writing, the wheel, the first libraria , Hanging gardens of Babylon, First written laws, the Epic of Gilgamesh
Major accomplishments of Egyptian culture
most advanced, developed construction methods, a form of writing (hieroglyphics), advanced religion, made paper through papyrus
Major accomplishments of Sumerian culture
invented the wheel, irrigiation, timekeeping and cuneiform writing
Major accomplishments of Babylonian culture
Code of Hummurabi (first code of laws)
Major accomplishments of Assyrian culture
horse-drawn chariots and organized military
Fluvial Civilizizations
Earliest civilizations founded near reviers
Lower paleolithic or early stone age
2-3 million years ago, used tools like needles, hatchets, awls, cutting tools
Middle paleolithic or middle stone age
300,000 bc - sophisticated stone tools, hunting and gathering and rituals
Upper palolithic or Late Stone age
40,000 bc - textiles and pottery were developed; discovered the wheel, practice agriculture, some domesticated animals
Bronze Age
3,000 BC metals are discovered, first civilizations emerge
Iron Agge
1200-1000 BC metal tools replace stone tools, develop knowledge of smelting
4 requirements of civilization
use of metal to make weapons / tools, written language, defined territorial state, a calendar
Define prehistory
the period of human history before writing was developed
Define neolithic
growth of a sense of family, ideas of religion and government, domesticated animals, build houses, start fires
Which civilization gave rise to Hinduism and Buddhism
Ancient India
5 contributions of ancient greece that still exist today
Theatre, alphabet, geometry, historical writing, philosophy
