Ancient Greece

Question 1

land with water on three sides, the mainland of Greece for example

Answer 1

Peninsula

Question 2

name of the lower peninsula where Sparta was located

Answer 2

Pelopennesus

Question 3

name the Greeks used to refer to themselves

Answer 3

Hellenes

Question 4

Greek word for city-state

Answer 4

Polis

Question 5

The ancient Greeks adopted their alphabet from this group of people. Hint: think fertile cresent unit

Answer 5

Phoenecians

Question 6

Most Greek communities were independent because these landforms separated most citystates.

Answer 6

Rugged mountains and deep valleys

Question 7

With less than 30% of the land usable for farming, the Greeks established ________ around the Aegean Sea.

Answer 7

colonies

Question 8

Greek marketplace

Answer 8

Agora

Question 9

four requirements to be a “citizen” in most Greek city-states

Answer 9

1. free-born male
2. born in the city state
3. land owning
4. over 18

Question 10

Greek hilltop fort or “high city”

Answer 10

acropolis

Question 11

the first Greek civilization on the mainland

Answer 11

Mycenean

Question 12

Spartan slaves

Answer 12

helots

Question 13

Helots did all of the ________ so the male citizens could do ________

Answer 13

agriculture & military and politics

Question 14

Describe the education of Spartan boys.

Answer 14

Joined the military at age 7 and mainly trained for war

Question 15

Describe life for a Spartan woman.

Answer 15

independent, physical and mentally strong. also had time to travel

Question 16

Describe the education for an Athenian boy,

Answer 16

expected to be good at public speaking

Question 17

Describe the life of an Athenian woman.

Answer 17

expected to be a good mother

Question 18

political system in which only a few have government control

Answer 18

oligarchy

Question 19

Which social class often assisted a tyrant in his rise to power?

Answer 19

poor or commoners

Question 20

Following Cleisthenes’s democratic reforms, which three groups of people in Athens were still not granted citizenship rights?

Answer 20

Athenian women, foreign born men, and enslaved people

Question 21

Cyrus the Great of Persia freed these people from slavery in Babylon.

Answer 21

Jews

Question 22

name given to Persia’s most important highway

Answer 22

Royal Road

Question 23

Persian governor of the conquered provinces

Answer 23

Satrap

Question 24

Persia fought which city state in the Persian Wars?

Answer 24

Athenians

Question 25

During the first Persian invasion, the Greeks defeated Persia on the plains of ________ and then sent a runner (Pheidippides) 26 miles back to Athens to proclaim the victory.

Answer 25

marathon

Question 26

What happened to Pheidippides after he delivered the news?

Answer 26

he collapsed and died from exhaustion

Question 27

What tactical error did Persia make at Marathon that allowed the Athenians to make a surprise attack even though the Athenians were greatly outnumbered?

Answer 27

Persians loaded the strongest units on a ship to Athens (the cavalry), leaving the army on land defenseless.

Question 28

Whom did Athens call upon for help in defeating persia?

Answer 28

Sparta

Question 29

300 Spartan soldiers sacrificed themselves to the Persians in this narrow pass giving Athens enough time to prepare for battle with the Persians

Answer 29

Thermopylae

Question 30

What advantage did the Athenians have over Persia in the naval battle at Salamis?

Answer 30

Their ships were smaller and faster than the Persians

Question 31

Who claimed victory in the Persian Wars?

Answer 31

Athens

Question 32

Under the rule of Pericles, why did Athens experience a Golden Age?

Answer 32

he appointed gov't positions based on ability

Question 33

The governing body of Athens was called the ________. Here male citizens over 18 would meet every 10 days to pass laws, elect officials, and consider matters of war.

Answer 33

assembly

Question 34

What was the purpose of the Delian League?

Answer 34

To fight against Persia and protect Greek colonies

Question 35

Who took control of the Delian League, much to the dismay of other city-states?

Answer 35

Athens

Question 36

The growing strength of Athens naval power and Athenian settlers moving into other city-states led to this war.

Answer 36

Peloponnesian War

Question 37

The Peloponnesian War was fought between what two major city-states and their allies?

Answer 37

Sparta and Athens

Question 38

What was each sides' military strategy?

Answer 38

Athens: sea offense, land defense Sparta: sea defense, land offense

Question 39

What disastrous mistake did Pericles make for Athens during the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 39

Gathered Athenians inside the city walls, causing illness to spread

Question 40

victors of the Peloponnesian War

Answer 40

Sparta and its allies

Question 41

After 27 years of fighting each other, the Greek city-states were too weak to defend themselves when this group/person invaded from the north.

Answer 41

Macedonia/phillip II

Question 42

ruler of the Greek Gods

Answer 42

Zeus

Question 43

warrior and wisdom goddess/protector of Athens

Answer 43

Athena

Question 44

god of the seas

Answer 44

Poseidon

Question 45

goddess of love

Answer 45

aphrodite

Question 46

stories used to describe the gods or explain the world's creation

Answer 46

myths

Question 47

held every four years, this was a festival to honor the gods.

Answer 47

olympic games held in olympia

Question 48

what was the fate of icarus?

Answer 48

he flew too close to the sun and fell to the sea and drowned

Question 49

the first thing that pandora released into the world

Answer 49

sickness, death, violence, greed, sorrow, and old age

Question 50

last thing pandora released from the box into the world

Answer 50

hope

Question 51

which greek city was the birthplace of the ancient olympics?

Answer 51

olympia

Question 52

home to the most famous oracle

Answer 52

temple of apollo at delphi

Question 53

homer's iliad and the odyssey are about the time during and after which war?

Answer 53

trojan

Question 54

ingreece, all actors were ________

Answer 54

male

Question 55

greece's greatest architectural influence on the world were three styles of ________

Answer 55

columns

Question 56

alexander the great was tutored by which greek philosopher?

Answer 56

aristotle

Question 57

the "father of history" wrote about the persian wars

Answer 57

herodotus

Question 58

why was king philip the second of macedonia able to take control of the greek city states without much effort?

Answer 58

the greek city states had recently been divided by the peloponnesian war.

Question 59

in order to conquer a vast territory, alexander the great knew he would have to defeat which mighty empire of central asia?

Answer 59

persia

Question 60

why did alexander the great not conquer india?

Answer 60

his soldiers were too tired and it was too hot in india

Question 61

aristarchus accurately stated the_________was the center of the universe, an idea that would be challenged for more than 1800 years by multiple civilizations

Answer 61

sun

Question 62

Hellenistic mathematicians made advancement in which area of math?

Answer 62

geometry