Ancient Greece Flashcards
(16 cards)
Athens
A Greek city-state, or polis, famous for its advancements in government and great philosophers
Aristocracy
government ruled by nobles, or wealthy citizens
Democracy
government by the people; government in which the supreme power is held by the people and used by them directly or indirectly through representation.
Oligarchy
a government ruled by a small group of individuals whose authority is generally based on wealth or power
Pericles
famous leader of Athens who wrote democratic laws and encouraged architecture; the time he ruled Athens is known as the Age of Pericles or the Golden Age of Greece and is considered the period that Greek culture reached its highest level
Polis
Greek word for city-state; independent regions ruled by the Greek citizens that inhabited them; some city-states were monarchies, aristocracies, democracies, and oligarchies
Republic
a form of government where citizens have the power and choose representatives to represent them
Senate
a group of citizens who make laws and decisions
Sparta
A Greek city-state, or polis, famous for becoming the strongest military power in Ancient Greece
Theocracy
a government or country that is ruled by someone who has religious authority or divine right
Alexander the Great
Philip the II’s son; Macedonian who ruled Greece after his father and eventually conquered all of the Persian Empire, the Middle East, Egypt, and the Indus River Valley; some historians believe he is just a myth
Classical Age
period that began around 500 BC in which the Ancient Greeks excelled in the arts and sciences and the creation of new forms of government
Hellenistic Age
324-200 BC; period of Greek history marked by great political and cultural change; ruled by Alexander the Great
Helot
Spartan slave
Peloponnesian War
431-404 BC; war between Sparta and Athens which Sparta eventually won with help from Persia
Philosopher
a scholar who seeks wisdom and truth; famous philosophers in ancient Greece included Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
