Ancient Greece (2000-300 BC) Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
what 2 things are surrounding Greece?
A
- Penninsula
- 3/4 mountains
2
Q
polis
A
city state (like a country)
3
Q
when were the Dark Ages of Greece?
A
1500-800 BC
4
Q
who lived on Crete?
A
minoans
5
Q
who did the Greeks learn how to sail from?
A
minoans
6
Q
chief god
A
zeus
7
Q
god of underworld
A
hades
8
Q
god of sea
A
posiedon
9
Q
god of music, sun, prophecy
A
apollo
10
Q
goddess of love
A
aphrodite
11
Q
god of war
A
aries
12
Q
messanger god
A
hermes
13
Q
goddess of wisdom
A
athena
14
Q
oracle
A
someone who talks to the gods
15
Q
who had the best and most accurate prophecies?
A
oracle at delphi
16
Q
was the greatest Greek storyteller
A
homer
17
Q
trojan war (book)
A
Illiad
18
Q
book about odyseuss
A
Odyssey
19
Q
who was the trojan war fought over?
A
Helen
20
Q
why did helen’s suitors fight in the trojan war?
A
her father made suitors sign something making them support her daughter’s future husband.
21
Q
who did helen marry?
A
menelaus
22
Q
who stole helen from menelaus?
A
paris
23
Q
who was the leader of the greek naval fleet?
A
agamemnon (helen’s brother-in-law)
24
Q
what does the oracle at delphi tell Agamemnon to do ?
A
she tells him to kill his daughter and he does
25
QUOTE: "face that launched 1,000 ship" who said this
marlowe
26
QUOTE: "face that launched 1,000 ship" meaning
so pretty that anyone would fight for her
27
how long was the trojan war?
10 years
28
Paris vs. Menelaus who wins
menelaus wins and paris runs away / menelaus gets helen back
29
who was the greatest warrior for the trojans?
hector (paris' brother)
30
who was the greatest warrior for the greeks?
achilles
31
what was Achilles' weakness?
his mother dipped him in magical water, but didn't get his heels (achilles' heel)
32
what was achilles' personality like?
arrogant
33
ajax
great greek warrior
34
hector vs. patroclus
patroclus dressed in achilles' armor to get the greek spirits up. then hector killed him
35
hector vs. achilles
achilles wins (revenge for killing patroclus)
36
who came up with the trojan horse?
odysseus
37
who won the trojan war?
greece
38
what did hienrik schlieman find?
a city that was destroyed by war that is supposedly troy
39
how did the greeks fight?
phalanx
40
spartan slaves
helot
41
how many spartans did 1 spartan have
8
42
what did they do to babies in sparta?
gave them medical exams at birth to look for birth defects
43
what did they allegedly do to babies in sparta if they weren't perfect?
throw them off a cliff
44
when did spartan men start training
age 7
45
how long did they train
7-20
46
life of a spartan in training
-one cloth a year
-no shoes
-starve them
-wanted them to be sneaky
-king of the mountain
47
what happened spartan men at age 20
had to pass an exam where they had to survive in the mountains for 2 weeks. then murder a helot without getting caught
48
when could spartan men retire
age 60
49
what could spartan men do at the age of 60
join the council of elders
50
oligarchy
rule by a few people
51
what did women and sparta do
went through training just not as intense as men and main goal was to have children
52
QUOTE: "come back with shield or on it" who said it
women in sparta to their husbands or sons
53
QUOTE: "come back with shield or on it" meaning
either win or die trying
54
collectivism
no individuality
55
only 2 types of people worth remembering in sparta
men who died in combat and women who died in child birth
56
spartan values
war is only imporant
57
monarchy (1st athen government)
one leader
58
aristocracy (2nd athen government)
ruled by rich people
59
democracy (3rd government)
rule by the people
60
athens government
council of 500
61
how did council of 500 work
randomly chosen and could only serve one year
62
ostraika vote
write down a name and whoever got the most votes was banished from athens for 10 yrs
63
what was athens most important subject
rhetoric/speech
64
why was education so important in athens
because you will be in the government one day
65
acropolis
high point in city states
66
when do athens men join military
at 18
67
how long did athens men have to serve in the military
2 years
68
how were women treated in athens
no rights and could never be citizens
69
individualism
be your own person
70
who founded persia
cyrus the great
71
who was the persian king during the persian wars
king darius
72
QUOTE: "remember the athenians" who said this
persian slave to darius
73
QUOTE: "remember the athenians" meaning
fight athens because he enslaved the persian messangers
74
persia sent messangers to greek city-states letting them know they were invading demanding "earth and water"
athenians sent them to jail and sparta killed them
75
what was the first big battle in the Persian wars
battle at marathon
76
who fought in the battle of marathon
athens and persians
77
who had to run to sparta to ask them for help
pheidippides and the spartans said no
78
who won battle at marathon and why
athens won because of the phalanx
79
what does nike mean
victory
80
who is xerxes
darius' son and king
81
who fought in the battle at thermopylae
persians vs. sparta
82
who was the spartan king during thermopylae
leonidas
83
how long did the battle at thermopylae last
3 days
84
dionekes quote
"fight in the shade" he said this to a persian who said they had so many arrows it would block out the sun
85
what did leonidas tell the other greeks to do on day 3 of the battle
to leave and go figure out a way to beat he persians for good, and the spartans would fight alone
86
who won the battle at thermopylae
persians won and every spartan soldier died
87
who fought in the battle of salamis
athens and persia
88
where was the battle at salamis fought
on water
89
who was the hero at battle of salamis
themistocles he came up with the idea of destroying their naval fleet
90
what happened to themistocles
he boasted and bragged that they kicked him out of Athens for 10 yrs
91
who won the battle of salamis
athens (greece)
92
what was the result of the persian war
greece won against persia and then they went into a golden age. then the delian league was formed.
93
athens or sparta: education focused on military
sparta
94
athens or sparta: education focused on knowledge
athens
95
athens or sparta: women had rights
sparta
96
athens or sparta: women had no rights
athens
97
athens or sparta: collectivism
sparta
98
athens or sparta: individualism
athens
99
athens or sparta: mandatory military service
both
100
athens or sparta: had a council
both
101
athens or sparta: education started at 7
both
102
athens or sparta: used phalanx
both
103
who was the best athens speaker and the leader during the Peloponnesian war
pericles
104
what were perciles three goals for athens
1. improve athens' democracy
2. improve athens' navy
3. beautify athens
105
how was athens getting all of the money for improvement
used the delian league money
106
what temple did athens build to worship athena
the parthenon
107
who fought in the Peloponnesian war
sparta and athens
108
what did athens do during the peloponnesian war
stayed inside athens and did not leave or fight
109
how long did the peloponnesian war last
off and on for about 20-30 years
110
what happened to the athenians because they stayed inside
a plague broke out that killed 1/3 of the population including pericles
111
who won the peloponnesian war
sparta
112
QUOTE: "unexamined life is not worth living
- socrates
-question everyhting
113
who liked socrates
rebellious young people
114
who didn't like socrates
people in power and older people
115
what was socrates arrested for and found guilty of
corrupting the youth
116
what did scorates do after getting arrested
chose to die instead of leave athens and he drank hemlock
117
who was socrates greatest student
plato
118
who made the 1st school called the Acadmey to teach the things socrates talked about
plato
119
who wrote The Republic and what was it about
plato and a perfect society
120
what was Plato's hierarchy
1. philosophy kings
2. warrior
3. laborers
121
who was platos' greatest student
aristotle
122
what school did aristotle found
the lyceum
123
who was aristotles greatest student
alexander the great
124
who is the pioneer of the medical field
Hippocrates
125
who was the first historian
herodotus
126
who recorded the persian wars
herodotus
127
what were 2 faults of herodotus
he dramatized everything and was biased
128
who recorded the Peloponnesian war
thucydides
