Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RE > Ancient Philosophical Influences > Flashcards

Ancient Philosophical Influences Flashcards

1
Q

What is philosophy?

A

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is etymology of ‘philosophia’?

A

‘Philo” –> Greek, means lover

‘Sophia’ –> means wisdom

Philosophia therefore means lover of wisdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What years was the Golden Age of Athens?

A

478 BCE - 404 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Socrates often referred to as?

A

The Father of moral philosophy and Western philosophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was Ancient Greece like in Plato’s time?

A

Not a united single nation

Nostalgia for Golden Age (450 BCE)

Athenians were beginning to ask philosophical questions due to the decline in the city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who was Pythagorus?

A

Philosopher and mathematician

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was Pythagorus’ main theory/belief?

A

Mathematical truth —> always been true and will always be true, timeless, absolute, objective

World of mathematical objects is superior to the ordinary empirical world of sense experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How did Pythagorus influence Plato?

A

High regard for mathematics

Superiority of world apprehended by mind

Distinction between world of mind vs. world of senses

Belief that philosopher’s task is to use reason to uncover reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was Heraclitus’ main belief?

A

That the physical world is constantly changing- in a state of perpetual flux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a quote from Heraclitus supporting his belief?

A

“You cannot step into the same river twice”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did Heraclitus influence Plato?

A

Belief that physical world cannot be a source of real knowledge —> Plato tried to prove this wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was Zeno’s main belief?

A

That change and identity appear to be contradictory

Reason rather than sense experience is correct (world experienced by the senses is false)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did Zeno influence Plato?

A

With his dualist view of reality and view that reason is superior to senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was Athens like in Plato’s time?

A

Moral discussion was more concerned with the type of person one should be instead of what was right or wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What did Homer suggest about the term ‘good’?

A

Used term ‘good’ in relation to how well someone fulfils their social function or role in society- this made sense within society at the time because it was stable and had a rigid hierarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happened to this concept of ‘good’?

A

Became more and more unpopular due to Greek society developing and people entered new professions so there were new notions of what good meant –> lead to a period of moral crisis in Athens

17
Q

Who were the Sophists?

A

New breed of wise men during moral crisis

Usually widely travelled

Did not believe moral questions had definitive answers

Tendency towards moral relativism

18
Q

What did the Sophists believe success was?

A

Knowing the rules of the city state you lived in

Being able to be persuasive in public debate

19
Q

What is epistemology?

A

Theory of knowledge

20
Q

What epistemological claim is Plato making?

A

That true knowledge consists of grasping/understanding the Forms –> NOT from info from senses

21
Q

What is metaphysics?

A

Branch of philosophy

Deals with the first principles of things

Nature of reality

22
Q

What was Plato’s epistemological view?

A

Rationalism

23
Q

What is rationalism?

A

Concept that knowledge/truth is discovered by the use of reason

24
Q

What was Plato’s metaphysical view?

A

Dualism

25
Q

What metaphysical claim is Plato making?

A

That Forms have real existence independently of human minds

Occupy own realm outside of space

26
Q

What does eikasia mean?

A

Opinion

27
Q

What does eidos mean?

A

Platonic ideas

28
Q

What does edios mean?

A

Knowledge

29
Q

What is episteme?

A

When someone has acheived true knowledge of the Forms

30
Q

What is anamnesis?

A

Recollection of the Forms

31
Q

What does it mean to say Plato was a dualist?

A

Believed in a dual reality –> Horaton and Noeton

32
Q

What are the Forms?

A

Attempt to explain relationship between particular things

Ideas

Non-physical

Perfect

Unchanging

33
Q
A

RE (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions