Andrew traits Flashcards
what is a gene
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
what is a allele
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
what is a phenotype
an organism appearance or other detectable characteristic
what is a genotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one pacific trait
what does probability mean
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
what does Heredity mean
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another
what is a Dominant Trait
a trait that appears more frequently than another trait, resulting from interactions between gene alleles
what is a Recessive Trait
a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous
what is meiosis
a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information
what is Sex chromosomes
a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds
what is pedigree
the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred
what is DNA
is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms
what is Nucleotide
a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA
what is Mutations
the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes
what is RNA
ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information
