Andrology/Gynecology Flashcards
(46 cards)
1
Q
Trigone of the bladder formed by
A
two ureteric orifices and internal urethral orifice
2
Q
parts of the bladder (female)
A
- internal urethral orifice opening for urethra in the neck of the urinary bladder
- interureteric fold is the superior limit of the trigone, joints the two ureteric openings
- uvula of the urinary bladder is a swelling in the posterior wall at internal urethral orifice
- apex is anterior against the pub symp
- body is between apex and fundus
- fundus is the posterior part furthest away from the internal urethral orifice
- neck tapers off into urethra houses the involuntary internal spinchter
- detrusor muscle
- vesical fascia is the connective tissue surrounding the detrusor
3
Q
male bladder
A
4
Q
female bladder cadaver anatomy
A
5
Q
A
6
Q
parts of the male urethra
-4
A
preprostatic urethra, prostatic urethra, memranous urethra, spongy urethra
7
Q
A
8
Q
Prostatic urethra
- urethral crest
- prostatic sinus
- seminal colliculus
A
- urethral crest is median ridge that swells in the center of the prostate gland as the seminal colliculus, and is surrounded on either side by prostatic sinus
- prostatic sinus is the space on either side of the urethral crest and seminal colliculus, has openings for the prostatic ductules
- seminal colliculus is a rounded mound on the urethral crest that should possess three slit like openings. has a prostatic utricle, which is an embryological remnant of the uterovaginal canal, and openings for the ejaculatory ducts.
9
Q
A
10
Q
where is the membranous urethra
A
short part going through external urethral spinchter
11
Q
spongy urethra
- intrabulbulbar fossa
- navicular fossa
- urethral glands
A
the intrabulbar fossa is an internal expansion of the spongy urethra in the bulb of the penis, receives secretions from the bulbourethral glands through openings for ducts of bulbo glands
- the navicular fossa is an internal expansion of the soongy urethra in the glans penis
- urethral glands are mucus secreting glands that empty directly into the spongy urethra
12
Q
Female urethra
- paraurethral glands
- urethral glands
A
paraurethralglands are homologous to the prostate gland follow common duct to area near externa urethral orifice, urethral glands secrete mucus that empties directly into the urethra
13
Q
spermatic cord contents
A
protection doesnt contribute to a good sex life
14
Q
A
perineal raphe would be the “gooch”
15
Q
A
16
Q
Deep fascia of the penis
- surrounds what
- what is it made out of
A
surround the erectile tissue and deep fasculature and is made of deep perineal fascia
17
Q
Regional organization of the penis
- root
- body
- glans
A
- root attached, includes the bulb and crura of the penis, bulbospongiosus, and ischiocavernosus
- body is free includes conective tissue, paired corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, and spongy urethra
- glans is distal conical expansion continuous with corpus spongiosum proximally
18
Q
Erectile tissue organization male
-Ventral
A
ventral cylinder of penile erectile tissue (central unpaired, from proximal to distal: Bulb of the penis, corpus spongiosum, and glans penis)
- bulb of penis: erectile tissue at the root of the penis, continuous w/the corpus spongiosum
- Corpus spongiosum: ventrally positioned erectile tissue transmits the spongy urethra
- glans penis: distal conical expansion of corpus spongiosum. corona of the glans is the crown, fenulum is separation of body and glans (means neck)
19
Q
Dorsal erectile tissue male
A
Dorsal cylinders of penile erectile tissue: paired from proximal to distal: crura of the penis, corpora cavernosa
- crura of penis (erectile tissue associated proximally w/ the corresponding infefior pubic rami, continuous w/ corpus cavernosa) there is a right and left
- corpus cavernosum (paired erectile tissue houses the paired deep A. of the penis)
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q
A
24
Q
Prostate Gland
- describe
- flow of prostatic fluid
A
unpaired largest accessory gland of the male repro system, prostatic fluid is 20% of seminal fluid, prostatic fucts convey fluid from parenchyma of gland to the prostatic sinus
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Uterus proportions clinical note
body to cervix ratio
after childbirth the female infant uterus has adult proportions (2/3 body to 1/3 cervix) due to maternal hormonal influence. postpartum the uterus reduces to a 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix ratio. during puberty the body of the uterus returns again to the 2/3 size until menopause, where it again returns to a 1/2 to 1/2 ratio
36
Body of uterus
- proportion of uterus
- uterine horns
- uterine cavity has passage from what to what
upper 2/3 of uterus. uterine horns are superolateral region, entrance point for uterine tubes
uterine cavity has the internal os of the uterus, which is the passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal
37
Cervix
-3 parts, which part has external os
supravaginal part between isthmus and vaginal part
vaginal part, part of cervix that extends into the upper most portion of vagina, surrounded by fornix
cervical canal: small fusiform space in cervix has the external os which is the opening of cervical canal into the vagina
38
layers of the uterine wall
perimetrium: outer layer serous coat of peritoneum
Myometrium: middle muscular layer, most vascular layer
Endometrium: inner mucous layer, closely adherent to myometrium
39
Round ligament of uterus
- remnant of what?
- course
fibrous remnant of the inferior part of the ovarian gubernaculum, extends from the lateral uterus, through the mesometrium to the labia majora via the inguinal canal.
40
Ligament of the ovary
- remnant of
- course
fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum, extends from the lateral uterine wall to the ovary through the mesometrium
41
42
Parts of the fallopian tubes:
Infundibulum has what two features
infundibulum has an abdominal ostium, which is an opening that leads from periotneal cavity to the infundibulum of the uterine tubes
fimbriae- finger like projections from the end of the infundibulum to the ovaries
Ovarian Fimbrion: one long infundibular fimbria that attaches to the superior end of the ovary
43
what is the pudendal cleft
anterior slit between labia majora
44
Labia majora
- anterior labial commissure
- posterior labial commissure
labia majora are prominent skin folds, protect the external urethral and vaginal orifices
anterior labial commissure: jxn of r/l labia maj anterior to angle of clitoris
posterior labial commissure: posterior limit of the pudendum, usually not present after first vaginal birth
45
Clitoris
- course
- glans, angle, body, crura, prepuce, frenula, suspensory L
erectile organ extends from the anterior jxn of labia minora posteriorly to the pubic symphysis, branches into two crura, which associate w/ corresponding inferior pubic rami.
glans: distal anterior projection
angle of clitoris: at pubic symphysis, bend in the clitoris at jxn of crura/body of clitoris, comprised of two corpora cavernosa
body of clitoris: comprised of two corpora cavernosa
Crura of clitoris: associated w/ corresponding infeior pubic ramus, posterolateral projections of the corpora cavernosa, has r/l
prepuce: anterior most jxn of the labia minora which travels anterior to and variably covers the glans clitoris
Frenula: travels posteriorly from the clitoris to the paired labia minora
Suspensory L of clitoris: extends from the pubic symphysis to the body of the clitoris.
46
Vaginal vestibule
- external urethral orifice
- vaginal orifice
- bulbs
- greater vestibular glands
- lesser vestibular glands
external urethral orifice... exit point of urethra
vaginal orifice: opening of vagina, hymen covers before "sex"
bulbs of vestibule: paired elongated erectile tissue surrounding vaginal orifice, homologous to the bulb and corpus spongiosum of the penis
greater vestibular glands: paired glands, posterior to the bulbs of the vestibule, on either side of the vaginal vestibule secrete mucus upon sexual arousal
lesser vestibular glands: paired glands on either side of the vaginal vestibule secrete mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice moistening labia and vaginal vestibule.
