ANEMIA

Question 1

GREEK WORD ETIOLOGY of ANEMIA

Answer 1

ANAIMIA “without blood”

Question 2

Hemoglobinopathies

Answer 2

hemoglobin has impaired function

Question 3

defined operationally as REDUCTION IN THE HEMOGLOBIN CONTENT OF THE BLOOD caused by the decrease of RBC, HEMOGLOBIN, and HEMATOCRIT

Answer 3

ANEMIA

Question 4

MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ANEMIA

Answer 4

INSUFFICIENT IN HGB / DECREASED HGB LEVELS

Question 5

what is the normal reference value range of blood in Liters?

Answer 5

Male: 5-6 L
Female: 4-5 L

Question 6

Normal Hemoglobin Levels

Answer 6

Female: 12-15 g/dL
Male: 14-18 g/dL

Question 7

<12 g/dL (HgB level in male)

Answer 7

ANEMIA

Question 8

reference value that indicates a female person is suspected to have an anemia

Answer 8

<11 g/dL

Question 9

formula for MCV

Answer 9

MCV = (Hct/RBC Count) x 10

Question 10

formula for MCH

Answer 10

MCH = (HgB/RBC Count) x 10

Question 11

formula for MCHC

Answer 11

MCHC = (Hgb/Hct) x 100

Question 12

unit of measurement for MCV

Answer 12

fL or 10^-15

Question 13

unit of measurement for MCH

Answer 13

pg or 10^-12

Question 14

unit of measurement for MCHC

Answer 14

g/dL or L/L or %

Question 15

MCV:

<80 fL

Answer 15

MICROCYTIC

Question 16

MCV:

> 100 fL

Answer 16

MACROCYTIC

Question 17

MCH reference value

Answer 17

26-32 pg

Question 18

MCHC:

32-36 g/dL

Answer 18

NORMOCHROMIC

Question 19

MCHC:

<32 g/dL

Answer 19

HYPOCHROMIC

Question 20

MCHC:

> 36 g/dL

Answer 20

HYPERCHROMIC

Question 21

HOW ARE ANEMIAS CLASSIFIED?

Answer 21

by its MORPHOLOGY and CAUSE/ETIOLOGY

Question 22

2 TYPES OF ANEMIA

Answer 22

RELATIVE (PSEUDO) ANEMIA AND ABSOLUTE ANEMIA

Question 23

other term for relative (pseudo anemia)

Answer 23

FALSE ANEMIA

Question 24

other term for absolute anemia

Answer 24

TRUE ANEMIA

Question 25

type of anemia that has normal RBC mass but has increased plasma volume

Answer 25

FALSE ANEMIA/RELATIVE (PSEUDO) ANEMIA

Question 26

type of anemia that is SECONDARY TO AN UNRELATED CONDITION AND CAN BE TRANSIENT IN NATURE

Answer 26

FALSE ANEMIA/RELATIVE (PSEUDO) ANEMIA

Question 27

type of anemia in relative (pseudo) anemia based on the MCV and MCHC volume

Answer 27

NORMOCYTIC/NORMOCHROMIC ANEMIA

Question 28

pregnancy and volume overload because of multiple transfusions can cause ___ (type of anemia)

Answer 28

RELATIVE (PSEUDO) ANEMIA / FALSE ANEMIA

Question 29

type of anemia that has DECREASED RBC MASS but normal plasma volume (has high retics)

Answer 29

ABSOLUTE ANEMIA / TRUE ANEMIA

Question 30

INDICATIVE OF A TRUE DECREASE IN ERYTHROCYTES AND HEMOGLOBIN

Answer 30

ABSOLUTE ANEMIA / TRUE ANEMIA

Question 31

This can cause increased loss of red cells from the circulation

Answer 31

- acute bleeding (traumatic injuries) | - accelerated destruction (hemolytic)

Question 32

the term in which the patient has small reddish purple pinpoint spots (leakage of blood)

Answer 32

skin (petechiae)

Question 33

general classification of anemia in which the hemoglobin concentration is at 7-10 g/dL

Answer 33

MODERATE ANEMIA

Question 34

signs and symptoms of a patient that has moderate anemia

Answer 34

DYSPNEA, VERTIGO, HEADACHE, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, AND LETHARGY

Question 35

a patient has hemoglobin concentration below 7 g/dL, what is the general classification of anemia the patient has?

Answer 35

SEVERE ANEMIA

Question 36

signs and symptoms of a patient that has severe anemia

Answer 36

MODERATE ANEMIA + TACHYCARDIA + HYPOTENSION

Question 37

general classification of anemia that may cause pallor of conjunctivae and nail beds

Answer 37

moderate anemia

Question 38

how can the body adapt when the anemia is caused by slow loss of blood?

Answer 38

decreased in hemoglobin-oxygen affinity by increasing the production of 2,3 DPG/BPG -BODY ADAPTATION: INCREASED IN ERYTHROPOEITIN PRODUCTION OF KIDNEYS

Question 39

what are the MECHANISMS OF ANEMIA

Answer 39

1. INEFFECTIVE and INSUFFICIENT ERYTHROPOEISIS | 2. BLOOD LOSS AND HEMOLYSIS

Question 40

what are the defective erythroid precursor cells being produced in ineffective erythropoiesis?

Answer 40

BFU-E to CFU-E

Question 41

in ineffective erythropoeisis, these defective precursors undergo _____ in the bone marrow before they mature into reticulocyte and be released into the peripheral circulation

Answer 41

APOPTOSIS

Question 42

NORMAL REFERENCE VALUE FOR MCV

Answer 42

80-100 fL

Question 43

NORMAL REFERENCE VALUE FOR MCV

Answer 43

32-36 g/dL

Question 44

conditions related to ineffective and insufficient erythropoiesis

Answer 44

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA THALASSEMIA SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA

Question 45

deficient DNA synthesis due to vitamin b12 and folate/folic acid deficiency

Answer 45

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA