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Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Dx:

RBC				decreased
Hemoglobin	decreased
Hematocrit		decreased
MCV			normal	
MCH			normal
MCHC			normal
RDW			normal	
BUN				increased
Creatinine		increased
Urinalysis		+1 protein
EPO				decreased
A

Anemic
Normocytic
MCHC – Normochromic
Decreased EPO – Renal disease

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2
Q 
Dx:
RBC				decreased
Hemoglobin	decreased
Hematocrit		decreased
MCV			decreased
MCH			decreased
MCHC			decreased
RDW			elevated/normal
A

Anemia
Microcytic
Hypochromic (MCV)
(RDW) variation and size

Iron deficiency

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3
Q 
Dx:
RBC				decreased
Hemoglobin	decreased
Hematocrit		decreased
MCV			elevated
MCH			elevated
MCHC			normal
RDW			elevated
A

Anemia
Macrocytic
Normochromic
RDW –

Not enough for a dx
Most common – B12 deficiency

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4
Q 
Dx:
RBC: 				decreased
Hemoglobin:			decreased
Hematocrit:			decreased
MCV:				decreased
MCH:				decreased
MCHC:				decreased
RDW:				elevated
Ferritin:				decreased
Iron:					decreased
Transferrin saturation:	decreased
TIBC:				increased
A 
Anemia
Microcytic
Hypochromic
Variation in cell size 
Low iron stores
Iron deficiency
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4
Q 
Dx:
RBC: 				decreased
Hemoglobin:			decreased
Hematocrit:			decreased
MCV:				decreased
MCH:				decreased
MCHC:				decreased
RDW:				elevated
Ferritin:				decreased
Iron:					decreased
Transferrin saturation:	decreased
TIBC:				increased
A 
Anemia
Microcytic
Hypochromic
Variation in cell size 
Low iron stores
Iron deficiency
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5
Q 
Dx:
RBC:			decreased
Hemoglobin:		decreased
Hematocrit:		decreased
MCV:			normal
MCH:			normal
MCHC:			normal
RDW:			normal
Ferritin:			elevated
Iron:				normal 
TIBC:			decreased
A 
Anemia
Normocytic
Normochromic
Variation in cell size
Increased iron stores
Anemia of chronic disease
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6
Q 
Dx:
RBC:					decreased
Hemoglobin:			decreased
Hematocrit:			decreased
MCV:				normal
MCH:				normal
MCHC:				normal
RDW:				normal
Iron:					elevated
Transferring saturation: elevated
Ferritin:				elevated
TIBC:				decreased
Bilirubin:				elevated
Haptoglobin			decreased
Urinalysis:    positive for urobilinogen
A 
Anemia
Normocytic
Normochromic
No variation in cell size
Iron abundance
Hemolytic Anemia
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7
Q 
Dx:
RBC:		decreased
Hemoglobin:	decreased
Hematocrit:	decreased
MCV:		normal
MCH:		normal
MCHC:		normal
RDW:		normal
WBC:		decreased
Platelets:		decreased
A 
Anemia
Normocytic
Normochromic
No variation in cell size
Pancytopenia
Aplastic Anemia
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8
Q 
Dx:
RBC:		decreased
Hemoglobin:	decreased
Hematocrit:	decreased
MCV:		elevated
MCH:		elevated
MCHC:		normal
RDW:		elevated
Peripheral smear: 
ovalocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils 
Intrinsic Factor Antibody:	positive
A 
Anemia
Macrocytic
Normochromic
Variation in cell size
Megaloblastic
Pernicious anemia
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9
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia:

Is serum iron or ferritin a better indicator of dx?

A

Ferritin: Most sensitive. Chief storage form of iron; directly proportional to iron stored in cells

Serum iron: Poor indicator, highly variable day to day/during the day

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10
Q

Anemia is classified as:

A

Increase RBC destruction
Decrease RBC production
Blood loss

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11
Q

Which questions are helpful when evaluating a patient for anemia?

A

Alcohol use
Diet
Menstrual hx
NSAID use

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12
Q

Which pattern best represents iron deficiency anemia?

Microcytic, hypochromic
Macrocytic normochromic
Macrocytic hyperchromic
Normocytic, normochromic

A

Microcytic, hypochromic

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13
Q

Which anemias are macrocytic, normochromic?

A

B12/folate deficiency

Pernicious anemia

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14
Q

Which anemias are microcytic, hypochromic?

A

Thalassemia
IDA
Sideroblastic

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15
Q

Which of the following is NOT a normocytic, normochromic anemia?

Hemolytic anemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Aplastic anemia

A

IDA

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16
Q

Which of the following laboratory tests is most sensitive and specific for determining the presence of anemia?

A

Hemoglobin

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17
Q

These are the two most common causes of anemia in the United States:

A

Anemia of chronic disease
and
Iron deficiency

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18
Q

What ddx is considered in an anemia patient with microcytosis and increased RDW?

A

IDA

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19
Q

What ddx is considered for an anemic patient with macrocytosis and increased RDW?

A

Liver disease
and
B12 or folate deficiency

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20
Q

Reticulocyte index is most useful for evaluating this type of anemia:

A

Normocytic, normochromic anemia

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21
Q

(T or F) A peripheral smear is helpful when anemia is discovered on a CBC.

A

Truuuuu chainz

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22
Q

Which form of iron is more bioavailable? Heme or non-heme?

A

Heme iron (meat based)

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23
Q

Which part of the GI tract is iron absorbed?

A

Duodenum

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24
Which form of iron is absorbed through enterocytes?
Ferrous iron (Fe2+)
25
What is the most common microcytic hypochromic anemia?
IDA
26
Transferrin in produced in the:
Liver
27
Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) measures:
All proteins available for binding mobile iron in the body
28
(T or F) Severe stress can decrease serum iron levels
True
29
(T or F) Serum iron is sensitive for detecting iron deficiency.
False
30
What does serum iron testing evaluate?
Iron bound to transferrin
31
What is the role of transferrin in iron metabolism?
Transports absorbed iron in plasma
32
(T or F) Ferritin levels within normal range rule out iron deficiency.
False
33
(T or F) Serum ferritin concentrations are typically directly correlated to iron storage.
True
34
The majority of ferritin is stored in the:
Liver
35
Which conditions are associated with decreased TIBC or transferrin?
Inflammatory diseases Hypoproteinemia Cirrhosis
36
Which conditions are associated with increased TIBC or transferrin?
Estrogen therapy Polycythemia IDA
37
(T or F) Ferritin acts as an acute phase reactant protein.
True
38
In thalassemia, serum iron levels will be (increase/decreased)
Increased
39
Intravascular hemolysis causes haptoglobin, a carrier for free hemoglobin to become (increased/decreased)
Decreased
40
Which of the following markers is helpful in suspected acute hemolytic anemia? Hematocrit Serum iron Haptoglobin Ferritin
Haptoglobin
41
B6 deficiency is associated with this type of anemia.
Microcytic, hypochromic
42
Which pattern is associated with anemia of chronic disease? Low serum iron and low ferritin Low serum iron and high ferritin High serum iron and high ferritin High serum iron and low ferritin
Low serum iron and high ferritin
43
Anemia of chronic disease is mediated by _________ and regulated by _________. Cytokines; hepcidin Erythropoietin; haptoglobin Macrophages; hepcidin Cytokines: haptoglobin
Cytokines; hepcidin
44
Elevated hepcidin levels will have this effect on iron mobilization.
Block intestinal iron absorption and Block macrophage iron excretion
45
Inflammation has this effect on hepcidin. Upregulation Downregulation No effect
Upregulation
46
Clinically, upregulation of soluble transferrin receptors suggests Iron supplementation will be harmful to the patient The patient will respond favorably to iron administration The patient has enough iron and will not benefit from more
The patient will respond favorably to iron administration
47
Aplastic anemia is characterized by which of the following? Decreased serum iron Increased serum iron Polycythemia Pancytopenia
Increased serum iron | Pancytopenia
48
Which is the most common etiology for aplastic anemia? Genetics Radiation Idiopathic Environmental or chemical factors
Environmental or chemical factors
49
Aplastic anemia is
Normocytic, normochromic
50
G6PD is required for production of
NADPH and Reduced glutathione
51
What are known or theorized oxidative stressors associated with GRPD deficiency hemolytic anemia?
Fava beans Certain pharmaceuticals High dose IV vitamin C
52
Warm autoantibodies are typically this class of immunoglobulin
IgG
53
Cold autoantibodies are typically this class of immunoglobulin.
IgM
54
(T of F) Megaloblastic anemia is specific to B12 or folate deficiencies.
True
55
Which of the following are true of megaloblastic anemia? Synchronous maturation of RBCs Impaired DNA synthesis Delayed division of rapidly proliferating cells Cellular gigantism
Impaired DNA synthesis Delayed division of rapidly proliferating cells Cellular gigantism
56
(T or F) Pancytopenia may occur in severe cases of megaloblastic anemia
True | Lower than normal # of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets in the blood
57
This anemia is associated with the finding of hypersegmented neutrophils on peripheral smear.
Megaloblastic anemia
58
Which of the following is an outcome associated with B12 deficiency. Heart disease Hormonal imbalances Irreversible neurological damage Bleeding disorders
Irreversible neurological damage
59
Pernicious anemia is due to
Autoimmunity against intrinsic factor and/or the parietal cells that produce it.
60
(T or F) Hypothyroidism can cause macrocytosis.
True

Hematology (9 decks)

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