ANESTHETIC & ANESTHESIA

Question 1

applied to the nerve terminals or nerve fibers prevent conduction of both sensory and motor impulses in axons and dendrites.

Answer 1

local anesthesia

Question 2

• first discovered local anesthesia

Answer 2

cocaine

Question 3

characterized by reversible loss of perception of pain or other motor response to stimuli in a local or regional part of the body and is not accompanied by loss of consciousness

Answer 3

Local or regional anesthesia-

Question 4

refers to peripheral nerve block, spinal and epidural anesthesia.

Answer 4

Regional anesthesia

Question 5

drugs work by blocking nerve conduction in the vicinity of their application, leading to a reversible loss of sensation.

Answer 5

Amino ester agents

Question 6

surface anesthetic, abused drug

Answer 6

cocaine

Question 7

most versatile, high potency, rapid onset, moderate duration of action

Answer 7

lidocaine

Question 8

– slow onset, long duration

Answer 8

bupivacane

Question 9

Agents restricted to ophthalmological use

Answer 9

1. Benoxinate
2. Proparacaine

Question 10

The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the ?

Answer 10

nerve cell, or neuron

Question 11

Parts of the neuron:

Answer 11

1. cell body
2. Dendrite tree
3. Axon

Question 12

Its mechanisms are considered important in the control of sleep and wakefulness. It is
also important in the control of mood and emotional behavior temperature

Answer 12

Norepinephrine:

Question 13

• has a role as a precursor in the synthesis of norepinephrine.

Answer 13

Dopamine

Question 14

• CNS regulatory functions include appetite control.
• functions are control of sleep and wakefulness, mood and emotion, and temperature

Answer 14

Serotonin

Question 15

Serotonin is also known as

Answer 15

5 – hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)

Question 16

• has a major role in the control of spinal and cerebral reflexes.
• It is considered as the major inhibitory transmitter in the CNS and it is involved in the
  conduction of convulsions and may also be important in anxiety states.

Answer 16

GABA

Question 17

produced is larger than the ultimate transmitter and biologically
inactive. They are present in smaller quantities and far more potent.

Answer 17

prohormone

Question 18

is the property known to correlate best with potency of inhalant anesthetic.

Answer 18

Lipid solubility

Question 19

are hydrophobic. It is theorized that these anesthetics act in the cell
membrane lipid layer

Answer 19

Inhalation anesthetics

Question 20

are frequently administered to
produce a calming effect.

Answer 20

Tranquilizers “ ataractics or neuroleptics”

Question 21

less frequently used but better cardiovascular stability than phenothiazine

Answer 21

Butyrophenones

Question 22

cause a dose dependent spectrum of CNS depression, sedation, sleep,
anesthesia, coma, and death.

Answer 22

Hypnotic-sedatives

Question 23

Patients with preexisting preoperative pain or who will painful diagnostic or
therapeutic procedure before anesthetic induction are likely candidates for

Answer 23

opioid preanesthetic medication

Question 24

A wide margin of safety in otherwise healthy animals is of special benefit under
conditions of limited patient control.

Answer 24

Catamites

Question 25

improves the reliability of the sedative properties of either drug used alone without adding further vital organ depression

Answer 25

= tiletamine+ zolazepam

Question 26

Reliable sedation and potent analgesia with limited vital organ depression

Answer 26

fentanyl + droperidol

Question 27

is commonly an unwanted effect.

Answer 27

Bradycardia

Question 28

Induction or stage of voluntary excitement

Answer 28

Stage I

Question 29

Stage of involuntary excitement

Answer 29

Stage II

Question 30

Surgical anesthesia

Answer 30

Stage III

Question 31

Overdose

Answer 31

Stage 4

Question 32

any substance which temporarily abolishes the sensation of pain.

Answer 32

Analgesic agent

Question 33

any substance which produces insensibility from which simple stimuli produce a temporary arousal.

Answer 33

Narcotic

Question 34

narcotic agent used to induce sleep; a taste which may be considered physiological and from which the subject can be easily aroused by a wide variety of stimuli

Answer 34

Hypnotic

Question 35

– a narcotic agent which is used to calm a nervous, vicious or excited subject. Most sedatives cause drowsiness.

Answer 35

Sedative

Question 36

a substance which produces sedation without at the same time causing drowsiness

Answer 36

Ataractic or tranquilizer –

Question 37

– a tranquilizer used in human beings in the treatment of psychoses

Answer 37

Neuroleptic

Question 38

– a substance which produces in human beings a feeling of dissociation from surroundings, unconsciousness, catalepsy, vivid dreams and analgesia

Answer 38

Dissociative agent

Question 39

is the drug of choice for the control of seizures in dogs and cats

Answer 39

Phenobarbital

Question 40

is a good choice for control seizures in cats, but not for dogs,

Answer 40

Diazepam

Question 41

is toxic to cats.

Answer 41

Primidone

Question 42

is also known as diphenylhydantoin

Answer 42

Phenytoin

Question 43

as a gas anesthetic is colorless with an unpleasant smell. It is not inflammable or explosive but can support convulsion even in the absence of free oxygen.

Answer 43

Nitrous oxide

Question 44

may cause hepatic dysfunction

Answer 44

Halothane