Anesthetic equipment Flashcards

Question

Common gas outlets are

Answer 1

Where the mixture of oxygen and inhalant are delivered into the breathing system Usually has a valve that allow switching between non-rebreathing and rebreathing circuits

Answer 2

AKA APL valve, exhaust valve Pressure relief valve Allows excess gas to escape the system Opens at a pressure of 5 psi Prevents damage to the vaporizer and flow meters if there is outlet obstruction Keeping closed will cause pressure system to build Always keep open Always check to make sure it is not obstructed Only close to manually ventilate or if auto-ventilating

Answer 3

Keeping closed will cause pressure system to build Patient cant breathe Barotrauma

Answer 4

Reservoir bag-patient breathes from the bag You want the bag to be big enough to fill patients lungs during an inhalation, but not so large that you can't visualise respiration Size determination based roughly on weight of the patient (using tidal volume)

Answer 5

As patient draws from bag, can use to Monitor resp rate Monitor depth of breathing Ventilate

Answer 6

Comes in a variety of sizes- 300ml to 35L (LA) Size is indicated on bag Need to be rinsed with soapy water and hung to dry between every patient

Answer 7

Specific to removing CO2 from a rebreathing circuit (so patient is not breathing in the excess CO2) Exhaled gas flows through one way valve to CO2 canister → scavenger (ie. soda lime) selectively absorbs CO2 that was breathed out→ oxygen and inhalant gas that was not absorbed continuous to patient or exhaust Only used in rebreathing system (circle) system

Answer 8

Increased CO2 build up in patient Colour change Lack of heat in canister Harness of granules (dried out granules don't absorb) Time in function Gain of 50g in canister (weight before attaching to machine)

Answer 9

Base line will be above 0

Answer 10

Colour change is with pH indicator Change when ⅔ canister has changed colour Not reliable on its own because Only works when granules are “packed properly” Reverts to white if not used for a while

Answer 11

Personal safety concern Nitrous oxide, halogenated anesthetic gasses, metabolic by-products of anaesthetic gasses Measured in parts per million (ppm) Number of molecules of iso per 1 million molecules of air

Answer 12

Avoiding spills Testing equipment for leaks Exhaust and scavenging of WAGs

Answer 13

Scavenger remove waste anesthetic gasses from work space Attaches at pop-off valve (rebreathing) or tail of reservoir bag (nonrebreathing) Collects gas leaving circuit and Disposes it outside the building (active or passive system) Or Gasses through activated charcoal canisters before releasing into room air Activated charcoal scavenging canister on anaesthetic machine Exhaust system with or without charcoal system attached

Answer 14

Convenient Requires frequent replacement (q 12h or gain of 50g) Works best with higher pressure air flow Different form soda lime which only removes CO2

Answer 15

Can be active (fan moves air) or passive (pushed out by pressure placed into system) If blocked, will prevent gas leaving circuit (same as if leaving pop-up valve closed)

Answer 16

Allow cyclic flow To and from the patient Aka breathing

Answer 17

Open circuit ventilation system Non Rebreathing circuit (includes Bain) Rebreathing circuit (aka circle system)

Answer 18

Gas is from atmosphere alone Ambu-bag

Answer 19

All exhaled gas is dumped (therefore no CO2 canister required) Patient always get fresh gas flow (FGF) Bain coaxial circuit is most common in vet med

Answer 20

Used in small patients <10 kg (must use if less than 3kg) Less dead space and resistance to breathing which is preferred Fresh gas port goes directly to patient; exhaled gas goes to the reservoir bag (past open pop-up valve), then out of the machine Does not require soda lime Requires higher O2 flow rates to push expired gasses down exhaust tube

Answer 21

Aka circle system; or semi-closed circuit Some of the exhaled gas goes back to the patient Operates using system of one way valves

Answer 22

Gas exits vaporizer → enters patient via FGF port→ patient exhales→ gas enters oneway exhaust port→ goes to reservoir bag→ excess pressure released from pop-off valve→ air from reservoir bag is rebreathed by patient→ air goes past soda lime canister to remove CO2→ pickles up additional fresh gas before entering patient

Answer 23

Typical hoses are used for patients over 10kg There are pediatric hoses available fo 3-10kg Not appropriate for <3kg

Answer 24

Ex. Bain Air in → air out All Co2 and inhalant exhaled Each breath is fresh O2 and inhalant Higher flow rates (~150 ml/kg/min)= increased cost Less dead space Less resistance to spontaneous breathing

Answer 25

Ex. circle Exhaled CO2 (some inhalant gas ) is captured Majority of inhalant is rebreathed through the system Lower O2 (~30 ml/kg/min) = decreased cost Use with >5kg patients Getting more common Conserves temp and humidity

Answer 26

Circle Requires lower flow rate O2 flow rate of 30 ml/kg/min

Answer 27

Bain Requires higher flow rate O2 flow rate of 150-200 ml/kg/min

Answer 28

Connect breathing tubes to endotracheal tube Usually has an adaptor to capnograph (measured end-tidal CO2)

Answer 29

Nice to have Located between patient and circuit Prevents moisture from entering the circuit while warming and humidifying gases to the patient.

Anesthetic equipment Flashcards

(54 cards)