Anesthetics

Question 1

What inhibits transport of ions across neuronal membranes, thereby preventing initiation and conduction of normal nerve impulses?
Example
Drug is released into the dermal and epidermal skin layers, resulting in accumulation in the regions of dermal pain receptors and nerve endings.

Answer 1

Local anesthetics

Question 2

What Drug
A non-competitive antagonist of glutamate at the N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor-cation channel complex, causing neuro-inhibition and anesthesia, where the patient is dissociated from the surrounding.

Answer 2

Ketamine

Question 3

What Drug may be selected to induce anesthesia in hypotensive patients or those likely to develop hypotension during induction due to hypovolemia, hemorrhage, sepsis, or severe cardiovascular compromise?

Answer 3

Ketamine

Question 4

Ketamine typically ________blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output (CO) by _______
sympathetic tone.

Answer 4

increases

Question 5

Adverse Reaction- Ketamine
Patient with ischemic heart disease, sympathomimetic effects that increase HR and BP may be detrimental due to ____________________

Answer 5

imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand.

Question 6

General or local anesthesia
Ketamine

Answer 6

General

Question 7

General or local anesthesia
(a) Lidocaine: Xylocaine
(b) Bupivacaine: Marcaine

Answer 7

Local

Question 8

The IM induction of anesthesia dose is

Answer 8

4 to 6 mg/kg