Angle Appliance And Fixed Ortho

Question 1

Angle appliance definition

Answer 1

🔸Device fixed to teeth and applies forces by archwires or auxiliaries

Question 2

Angle appliance effect

Answer 2

Any type of tooth movement in any occlusion

Question 3

Angle appliance elements

Answer 3

Bands with vestibular tubes and vestibular archwire

Question 4

Angle appliance requirements for individual made ring with tube

Answer 4

🔸Do not reach gingival sulcus
🔸Be open occlusal
🔸The tube must be parallel to occlusal plane
🔸First molar separated from adjacent teeth

Question 5

Angle appliance Archwires

Answer 5

🔸For expansion
🔸For retrusion

Question 6

Angle Archwires for expansion

Answer 6

🔸Increase the size of the dental arch
🔸Have U shaped curves

Question 7

Angle Archwires for retrusion

Answer 7

🔸Reduce size of dental arch
🔸Have medial opened hooks soldered in canine region

Question 8

Angle appliance ligatures

Answer 8

Single and double spring

Question 9

Angle appliance effects

Answer 9

🔸Leveling teeth in the arch
🔸Arch expansion
🔸Incisors protrusion
🔸Incisors retrusion
🔸Good occlusion

Question 10

Angle appliance disadvantages

Answer 10

🔸 Flared teeth
🔸Overloaded teeth
🔸Traumatized periodontal
🔸Displaced only crown of teeth

Question 11

was designed to allow the orthodontist to place the teeth into Angles concept of the ‘line’ of occlusion’

Answer 11

Edgewise system

Question 12

first appliance developed by angle that employed a bracket and used bands on most of teeth

Answer 12

Pin and tube system

Question 13

Edgewise system - angle- 1925-1928

Answer 13

1. Affects every tooth in three planes
2. Controls the position of each dental arch segment or the entire
   dental arch
3. Allows adjusting the ratios of jaws, which can lead to a change in the proportions of the jaw bases and jaw growth

Question 14

Begg appliance

Answer 14

Uses concept of differential force and tipping of teeth, rather than bodily movement

Question 15

Indications for use of fixed appliances

Answer 15

🔹Mild to moderate skeletal discrepancies
🔹Intrusion/Extrusion of teeth
🔹Correction of rotations
🔹Overbite reduction
🔹Closure of extraction spaces

Question 16

Treatment with fixed appliances should only be given to patients with

Answer 16

🔹Good oral hygiene
🔹Good diet/avoidance of sticky foods
🔹Regular attendance

Question 17

Components of fixed appliances

Answer 17

🔹Brackets
🔹Bands
🔹Archwires
🔹Ligatures
🔹Auxiliaries

Question 18

Auxiliaries include

Answer 18

tubes, springs, retractors, lock pin, buttons, hooks

Question 19

Steps in orthodontic bonding

Answer 19

🔹Cleaning
🔹Moisture control
🔹Enamel conditioning- 15-30 secs/ wash and drying
🔹Sealant application to bracket base

Question 20

Advantages of orthodontic bonding

Answer 20

🔹More aesthetic
🔹Easier oral hygiene maintenance.
🔹 Partially erupted teeth can also be bonded
🔹Risk of caries is eliminated.
🔹 Proximal stripping is possible.
🔹 Less chair side time.
🔹 Proximal areas are available for restoration

Question 21

Disadvantages of orthodontic bonding

Answer 21

🔹It is a weak attachment
🔹Risk of enamel demineralization
🔹 Enamel fracture can occur during debonding
🔹More bonding failure

Question 22

requires placing the bracket at different heights on each tooth to compensate for differing crown lengths

Answer 22

Edgewise standard

Question 23

Metal rings encircling the tooth to which buccal and often lingual attachments are welded

Answer 23

Bands

Question 24

Bands are mostly seated on

Answer 24

🔹Premolars and molars
🔹can resist more occlusal load

Question 25

Bands are mostly seated on

Answer 25

🔹Premolar and molar teeth 🔹More resistance to occlusal forces

Question 26

Types of bands

Answer 26

🔹Preformed 🔹Customised

Question 27

Separators

Answer 27

Wedge teeth open to make space for bands

Question 28

Indications for banding

Answer 28

🔹For posterior teeth attachments 🔹Teeth requiring buccal and lingual Attachments 🔹Used when likely to contact opposing dentition when joins are closed

Question 29

Archwires

Answer 29

🔹Tied to bracket slot with help of ligatures 🔹Made of different alloys, types, shapes, size and force

Question 30

Archwires are based on

Answer 30

🔹Cross section 🔹Size 🔹Shape

Question 31

Archwire materials

Answer 31

* Gold and Gold allays * Stainless steel * Nickel titanium alloys * Beta titanium * Cobalt chromium nickel alloys

Question 32

Stainless steel aloys characteristics

Answer 32

* Large modulus of elasticity(stiffness) * Good corrosion resistance

Question 33

Colbat chromium alloys characteristics

Answer 33

* Available in softer and formable states

Question 34

NiTI alloys characteristics

Answer 34

* Excellent springback and flexibility * Shape memory * Super elasticity

Question 35

Beta titanium characteristics

Answer 35

* High modulus of elasticity * Can be shaped * Good for auxillary springs and immediate and finishing archwires

Question 36

Types of arches

Answer 36

* Tapered arch * Square arch * Ovoid arch

Question 37

Levelling definition

Answer 37

Reducing the curve of spee by intrusion and/or extrusion of teeth in an arch

Question 38

Alignment definition

Answer 38

Moving the teeth into their proper positions to conform to the line of occlusion

Question 39

Alignment requires a wire with the following characteristics

Answer 39

* High strength * Low stiffness * Excellent spring

Question 40

When choosing alignment wires, they should

Answer 40

* Proide light, continuous force of 50g * Be able to move freely within brackets

Question 41

Made in plane of archwire to compensate for differing tooth widths

Answer 41

First order bands

Question 42

Types of first order bends

Answer 42

* Toe in * Inset * Offset

Question 43

Made in vertical plane to achieve correct mesiodistal angulation or tilt of the tooth

Answer 43

Second order bends

Question 44

Provide action in 3 planes

Answer 44

Second order bends

Question 45

Types of second order bends

Answer 45

* Sweep * Loop * Cable * Tip back * Artistic

Question 46

Vertical bend for root inlcination in mesio-distal

Answer 46

Artistic bend

Question 47

Used for rectangular archwires and exert buccolingual force on tooth apex-Torque

Answer 47

Third order bends

Question 48

Used to achieve more control of buccolingual root and allows bodily torqing movement

Answer 48

Rectangular wire w/rectangular slot

Question 49

Increasing diameter of archwire will affect

Answer 49

Force applied to the teeth

Question 50

Increasing the length or span or wire between brackets

Answer 50

Inversely affects applied force

Question 51

Active arch Archwires can be with

Answer 51

* Horizontal loops-act in vertical direction and used for levelling * Vertical loops-act inn mesiodistal direction

Question 52

Box loops used for

Answer 52

Uprighting canines

Question 53

T-loop used for

Answer 53

uprighting premolars and molars

Question 54

Used to secure Archwire into slot

Answer 54

Wire ligatures/elastic bands

Question 55

Auxillaries

Answer 55

* Elastic chains * Intra-oral elastics * Coils * Rotation springs

Question 56

Elastic chain use

Answer 56

intramaxillary traction

Question 57

Rotation spring use

Answer 57

Tooth derotation