Angles

Question 1

Hallux Interphalangeal angle

Answer 1

0-10

Question 2

DASA

Answer 2

7.5

Question 3

PASA

Answer 3

7.5

Question 4

Types of joint deformities (3)

Answer 4

Congruent- joint lines are parallel
Deviated- joint lines intersect outside of joint
Subluxed- joint lines intersect inside joint

Question 5

Hallux abductus angle

Answer 5

10-15

Question 6

IM angle

Answer 6

8-12

Question 7

Procedure determination by angle size

Answer 7

Mild (8-12)= head procedure
Moderate (14-17)= shaft procedure
Severe (18-21) = base procedure
Lapidus if hypermobile

Question 8

Metatarsus adductus

Answer 8

<20

Question 9

True IM angle (calculation)

Answer 9

(metatarsus adductus angle -15)+ IM angle

Question 10

1st metatarsal protusion distance

Answer 10

+/- 2mm compared to 2nd met

Question 11

Tibial sesamoid position

Answer 11

1-3

Question 12

ROM 1st MTPJ

Answer 12

65 dorsiflexion

40 plantarflecion

Question 13

1st met- medial cuneiform angle

Answer 13

22

Question 14

1st ray ROM

Answer 14

5 mm dorsiflexion + 5 mm plantarflexion

Question 15

Fallat and Buckholz 4th IM angle

Answer 15

normal- 6

pathologic-8.7

Question 16

Fallat and Buckholz lateral deviation angle (lateral bowing)

Answer 16

normal-2.64

pathologic- >8

Question 17

Metatarsal declination angle

Answer 17

21

Question 18

Metatarsal abductus angle

Answer 18

0-15

Question 19

Splayfoot: 1st and 4th IM angles

Answer 19

1st IM: >12

4th IM>8

Question 20

Talar neck angle (birth vs adult)

Answer 20

Birth (130-140)

Adult (150-165)

Question 21

Talar head and neck

Answer 21

plantarflexion: 25-30

Medially aligned to body 15

Question 22

Talar torsion angle

head to body for fetus child, and adult

Answer 22

Fetus: 18-20
Childhood: 30
Adult 40

Question 23

Talar declination angle

effects of pronation and supination

Answer 23

Normal is 21

pronation increases and supination decreases

Question 24

Meary angle

Answer 24

Need to see on lateral view

Intersection of longitudinal axis of talus and 1st metatarsal. normal 0

Increases with pronation or supination

Question 25

Cyma line | effects of pronation and supination

Answer 25

S-shaped line formed by articulation of TN and CC joints. Pronation moves anteriorly Supination moves posteriorly

Question 26

``` Talonavicular joint (coverage) ```

Answer 26

normal 75% coverage Pronation decreases coverage Supination increases coverage

Question 27

Forefoot abductus

Answer 27

Normal 0-15

Question 28

Calcaneal inclination angle (effect of pro and sup)

Answer 28

Normal 21 Pronation decreases supination increases

Question 29

Hibb angle

Answer 29

lateral view | intersection of longitudinal axis of calcaneus and 1st met

Question 30

Fowler Philip

Answer 30

Definition- angle formed from the intersection of a line along the anterior tubercle and the plantar tuberosity and another line along the posterosuperior prominence at the achilles tendon insertion Normal- <70 Haglunds >75

Question 31

Total angle of Ruch

Answer 31

fowler philip angle +calcaneal inclination normal 90 haglunds >90

Question 32

Calcaneal cuboid abduction

Answer 32

normal: 0-5 | increases with pronation

Question 33

``` Kite angle (infant) Effects of pronation and supination ```

Answer 33

Talocalcaneal (AP view) Infant 30-50 Adult 20-40 Pronation increases Supination decreases

Question 34

Talocalcaneal

Answer 34

Lateral view | 25-50

Question 35

STJ axis direction

Answer 35

Neutral- goes through 1st ray Supination: 2nd ray Pronation- medial to 1st ray

Question 36

STJ axis of motion

Answer 36

Frontal- 48 Transverse- 42 Sagittal- 16

Question 37

STJ ROM

Answer 37

2/3 inversion and 1/3 eversion

Question 38

Longitudinal midtarsal joint

Answer 38

Frontal- 75 Transverse- 15 Sagittal- 9

Question 39

Oblique Midtarsal joint

Answer 39

frontal- 38 Transverse- 52 Sagittal- 57

Question 40

Bohler angle

Answer 40

angle formed by the intersection of: 1) line from superior part of anterior process and superior part of the posterior facet 2) superior aspect of the posterior facet to superior point of the calcaneal process 25-40

Question 41

Gissane Angle

Answer 41

angle formed by the intersection of: 1) posterior facet 2) and another line along the middle and anterior facets