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Anglo Saxon Notes Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

What invasions took place in Anglo Saxon period that led to the beginning of the English language?

A

Invasions of Angles, Saxons and Jutes

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2
Q

What conquest happened during the Anglo Saxon period?

A

Norman Conquest

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3
Q

British literature is the English language literature of the inhabitants of ___________

A

The British Isles and British empire

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4
Q

When was Beowulf created?

A

800 AD

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5
Q

Who were the first invaders in Prehistory?

A

Iberians

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6
Q

Where did Iberians come from?

A

From what is now Spain and Portugal

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7
Q

When the Iberians settle the British isles?

A

In Stone Age

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8
Q

What were the other invaders of British isles?

A

No way to know

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9
Q

When was Stonehenge built and by who and why?

A

Built in 2000 BC, no one knows by who and why it was built

Theories: for religious, human sacrifices, calendar etc

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10
Q

Who burned down library of Alexandria?

A

Islamic people

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11
Q

Celts come In waves from _____ BC

A

800-600 BC

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12
Q

What were the two groups of celts from souther Europe that invaded British Isles

A

1) Brythons/Britons

2) Gaelic-settled Ireland

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13
Q

What did celts speak and what was their influence on English?

A

They spoke Celtic languages unrelated to English. Had little or no influence on English

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14
Q

Gaelic? celts were _______/farmers

A

Hunger

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15
Q

Celts organized Into clans loyal to an individual _________

A

Chieftains

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16
Q

Who were the most important people in Celtic society?

A

Druids

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17
Q

What were the tree types of Druids?

A

1) Priest (Pre-Christian religion, included sacrifices)
2) Judges
3) Story Tellers

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18
Q

What did the type of Druid judges do?

A

Settled inter-clan disputes

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19
Q

What did Druid story tellers do?

A

Created, memorized and recited epic heroic myth poems

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20
Q

Name two characters in an epic heroic myth poem

A 
Old King Cole (nursery rhyme)
King Lear (Shakespeare)
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21
Q

When did the Romans conquer?

A

55-54 BC

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22
Q

How many times does Julius Caesar invade and what does he say in his memoirs?

A

Twice

Doesn’t truly conquer but says he does in memoirs

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23
Q

The Romans really conquered Britain 100 years later under which emperor?

A

Claudius

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24
Q

What did the emperor Claudius establish when he conquered British isles?

A

Established camps the towns
Roman culture arrives
PAVED ROADS link the island

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25
When did the last Roman regions leave the British isles and why?
407 AD because to help defend Rome against Huns
26
When did the Angles, Saxons and Jutes invade?
In 449 AD
27
What were the Angles, Saxons and Jutes?
Warriors, fishermen from Denmark (where Beowulf took place) and Germany(where saxony was)
28
Angles Saxons and Jutes take over all but what?
Western Britain
29
How did Scotland and Wales form?
The Angles Saxons and Jutes didn't conquer Western Britain so that formed Wales and Scotland
30
What do the areas of the Angles Saxons and Jutes become?
Become "Angles' land", shortened for "England"
31
Germanic languages spoken by these invaders develop into what?
"Angle-ish"----> "English"
32
From when to when was the Anglo Saxon Period, AKA the beginning of English language?
449-1066 AD
33
Tribal units gradually _______
Merge
34
The king is chosen by who?
Witan- council of elders
35
Who were the 4 social classes?
1) earls 2) freemen 3) churls 4) thralls
36
Who were the earls?
Hereditary ruling warlords loyal to king earl (who invented sandwich)
37
Who were the freemen?
Landowners and traders | No wealth back then, money=land
38
Who were the subdivision of freemen?
Thanes
39
Who were the thanes?
Early barons- status via military service
40
Who were the churls?
Bonded servants who worked the land
41
Who were the thralls?
Slaves
42
What was the religion?
Pagan-fate(wyrd)- no real free will
43
Who were the Germanic gods?
Tiu Woden Fria
44
Who was Tiu?
God of the sky/war- Tuesday
45
Who was Woden?
King of gods- Wednesday
46
Who was Fria?
Queen of gods- Friday
47
Where did original Britons retreat?
Retreated to Wales, Scotland, Ireland, continued to speak Celtic languages
48
Who introduced Christianity? Who kept it alive? Where?
Romans introduced it | Celts kept it alive in Wales, Ireland(st Patrick) and Scotland and finally England
49
Who was Columba?
Soldier/abbot
50
What did Columba found? And when?
First Christian monetary in England in 563 AD
51
The monetary in England was major unifying and civilizing factor in _________
England
52
By 650 AD most of England is __________
Christian
53
What does Christianity reintroduce?
Reintroduces written word (Romans)
54
What did monks work as?
Scribes
55
What are scribes?
Copiers of manuscript
56
What are illuminated manuscripts?
Manuscripts painted and bordered in gold and silver
57
Who was the Venerable Bede?
First English historian
58
What book did the Venerable Bede write?
A History of the English Church and People | Written in Latin
59
Who were Scops?
Singer (like Homer) who accompanied themselves on Harp | Recitations sometimes went on for days
60
Who were the assistant of Scops?
Gleemen | Have to be this before becoming a Scop
61
What are Epics?
Long heroic Poems
62
What are the three characteristics of Epics?
1) rigid pattern of accents- 4 accents per line 2) caesura- pause in middle of poetic line 3) alliteration- repetition of initial letter sound
63
What are the two types of Anglo-Saxon verse?
1) heroic poetry | 2) elegiac poetry
64
What is a heroic poetry?
Achievements of warriors
65
What's an elegiac poetry?
Lament over death or significant loss

British Lit (2 decks)

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