Animal and plant behaviour Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is categories of innate behaviour?
Kineses
Taxes
Simple reflexes
Instinctive behaviour
What is kineses?
Form of response in which the organism does not move towards or away
The response is related to the intensity of the stimulus
It change the rate of movement and/or change in the rate of turning of the organism
What is taxis?
Response whose direction is determined by the direction of the stimulus
A taxic response is the movement of the whole organism towards (positive) or away
(negative) from a directional stimulus
Taxes are classified according to the directional response and nature of the stimulus
What is instinctive behaviour?
This is the most complex form of innate behaviour
Instinct can be described as unlearned, species-specific motor patterns
Instinctive actions is inborn, but they can be very sophisticated
Instinctive patterns of behaviour are usually of very direct survival value to an animal, courtship, mating or defending territory for feeding or reproduction
Instinctive actions show a high degree of stereotyping - the same behaviour is seen in all members of a species with little or no individual differences, and the same pattern of behaviour is always produced in response to a particular stimulus
What is importance of innate behaviour?
Invertebrates:
Very short lived
No time to rely on trial-and-error learning for their basic responses
Instinctive
behaviour patterns equip them to cope with situations they will meet
Vertebrates:
Infants and young animals need instincts to enable them to survive
Even in adults, innate behaviour is an economy measure, a ready-made set of responses to a given situation leaving the higher areas of the brain free for other less basic functions
Define learning?
A change in behaviour caused by a learned experience.
Plant shoot often?
Act on positive phototropism
So can absorb light
Plant root often?
Negative phototropism and positive geotropism and positive hydrotropism
Where is auxin made?
Shoot apex and young leaves
Little made also in roots
How does auxin move?
Away from tip to base of organ in one direction
Via diffusion and active transport from cell to cell and eventually degraded by enzymes
Long distance transport via vascular system, mostly phloem, for example for shoot to root
What equipment used for geotropism experiment?
Clinostat
Different effect of IAA on parts of plant?
At shoot causes growth
At root inhibits growth
