Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

biology > animal and plant responses > Flashcards

animal and plant responses Flashcards

(82 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are tropisms?

A

A directional growth response to a directional stimulus only in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a nastic response?

A

Non directional response to plants to the intensity of the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is taxis?

A

Movement of an animal towards (positive) or away from (negative) a directional stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is kinesis?

A

A random movement response in animals where the rate of activity is determined by the intensity of the stimulus (non-directional)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are migration cues?

A

Changes in daylength, food, availability, temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is nyctnasty?

A

Circadian rhythmic nastic movement of plants in response to the onset of darkness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is innate behaviour?

A

Any genetically determined behaviour, not learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is orthokinesis?

A

The speed of movement is related to the intensity of the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is klinokinesis?

A

The amount of random turning is related to the intensity of the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cell elongation?

A

Method by which plant grows towards or away from a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is IAA?

A

Hormone responsible for many tropisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is homing?

A

A frequent activity where animals return to a nest or buttow after going out to find food or mates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a compass?

A

Way animals navigate when migrating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a solar compass?

A

Navigation using the position of the sun in the sky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a magnetic compass?

A

Navigating using the earth’s magnetic compass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a stellar compass?

A

Navigating using the position of stars in the night sky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is migration?

A

The mass movement of populations between habitats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is tropotaxis?

A

The animal compares intensity of a stimulus using two or more sense organs on either side of it’s body to determine the direction of the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is klinotaxis?

A

Where the animal determines the direction of the stimulus by moving a single sense organ and comparing relative intensities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a zeitgeber?

A

Environmental cue that resets the internal biological clock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a free running period?

A

Cyclic behaviour seen in the absence of external cues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is entrainment?

A

Resetting of internal biological clock by environmental cues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is phase shift?

A

How much the period of activity is moved forward or back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is an internal biological clock?

A

Internal mechanism in organisms that controls the periodicity of activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the photoperiod?
Day length
26
What is photoperiodism?
Any response of an organism to seasonal changes in day length
27
What is pfr?
The physiologically active form of phytochrome
28
What are long day plants?
Flower when the night is short, high levels of pfr
29
What is phytochrome?
Pigment in plants that regulates flowering
30
What is a circatidal rhythm?
Activity with a period of about 12.4 hours
31
What is a circalunar rhythm?
Activity with a period of about 29.5 days
32
What are phytohormones?
Plant hormones
33
What is an exogenous rhythm?
A pattern that only occurs in response to external cues. disappears when cues are removed
34
What does crepuscular mean?
Active at dawn and dusk
35
What are short-day plants?
Flower when the night is long, low levels of per
36
What is the noctoperiod?
The length of night
37
What is an endogenous rhythm?
Rhythm that persists even in the absence of environmental cues
38
What is a circadian rhythm?
Activity with a period of about 24 hours
39
What is a circannual rhythm?
Activity with a period of about 365.25 days
40
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)?
A cluster of neyrons in the hypothalamus of the brain that governs the timing of circadian rhythms
41
What are day neutral plants?
Plants where flowering is not controlled by photoperiod
42
What is an interspecific relationship?
A relationship between two or more different species
43
What is an adaptation?
A feature of an organism that helps it to survive and reproduce
44
What is aposematic colouration?
Conspicuous colouration as a warning of distasteful properties
45
What is mimicry?
The ability of an animal to look like another more harmful animal
46
What is Mullerian mimicry?
Two or more unpalatable species resemble each other
47
What is Batesian mimicry?
A harmless species mimics a harmful one
48
What is allelopathy?
The production of chemicals by plants that inhibit the growth of neighbouring plants
49
What is intraspecific competition?
Competition for resources between members of the same species
50
What is coevoluton?
Process by which two species evolve in response to changes in the other
51
What is exploitation?
An interspecific relationship where one species benefits and one is harmed
52
What is predation?
A type of exploitation involving predator and prey
53
What is herbivory?
A type of exploitation involving a herbivore and plant
54
What is parasitism?
A type of exploitation involving parasite and prey
55
What is mutualism?
An interspecific relationship where both species benefits
56
What is an adaptive advantage?
The increased chance that an organism will survive and reproduce due to characteristics that allow it to be more successful than other organisms
57
What is gauses’ competitive exclusion principle?
No two species can occupy the same ecological niche in the same place
58
What is commensalism?
An intraspecific relationship where one species benefits while the other in unaffected
59
What is interspecific competition?
An interspecific relationship where both species are disadvantaged when competing for resources
60
What is a territory?
An area an animal will defend against competitors
61
What is territoriality?
Any vocal, visual, or scent-marking behaviours associated with defence of a territory
62
What is a home range?
Area which an animal covers regularly in search of food, but will not actively defend
63
What is courtship?
A set of display behaviours used to attract a mate
64
What is cooperative breeding?
A social system where offspring recieve care from parents and from additional group members called helpers - asults capable of reprodycing that don’t breed but instead help others raise offspring
65
What is kin selection?
Favouring reproductive success of relatives even at a cost to own survival and reproduction
66
What is agonistic behaviour?
Any form of behaviour associated with fighting (ritualised agression) including threat, displays, appeasement or fight. Reduces risk of injury or death
67
What is a dominance hierarchy?
In a group, higher ranked individuals control the lower ranked individuals through agonistic behaviour
68
What is submission?
Behaviours shown to higher ranked animals
69
What is sexual dimorphism?
Differences in size or appearance
70
What is a hierarchy?
A group orgnaised by rank
71
What is a linear hierarchy?
Pecking order where each individual dominates all individuals below but not those above
72
What is parental care?
Behaviours by one or both parents aiming to increase chance of successfully raising offspring to sexual maturity
73
What is r-strategy?
Producing as many offspring as possible
74
What is K-strategy?
Producing fewer offspring with extended parental care
75
What is monogamy?
One mate at a time
76
What is polygymy?
One male, several females
77
What is polyandry?
One female, several males
78
What is pair bonding?
Male and female form an exclusive pair bond
79
What is a lek?
Arena where males gather to preform for females
80
What is sexual selection?
When individuals select mates based off their heritable traits
81
What is gravi?
Prefix for stimulus of gravity
82
What is thigmo?
Prefix for stimulus of touch

biology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions