Animal Based Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are the brain regions in humans and animals involved in reward and reinforcing “high or rush”
prefrontal cortex
nucleus accumbens
VTA (ventral tegmental area)
ALL drugs stimulate the reward/motivation system which includes
amygdala
frontal cortex
nucleus accumbens
ventral tegmental are
dopamine DA system
medial forebrain bundle
Cocaine and amphetamines act directly or indirectly on the rewards system and if so where
DIRECTLY on the nucleus accumbens
alc acts directly or indirectly on the rewards system and if so where
INdirectly feeds into the system and eventually turns the system on
opiates act directly or indirectly on the rewards system and if so where
INdirectly
hallucinogens act directly or indirectly on the rewards system and if so where
INdirectly
Does Nicotine act directly or indirectly on the rewards system and if so where
directly (kinda) nucleus accumbens
during animal testing activation or inhibition of specific brain circuits that alter behavioral responses to drugs is called
brain circuit analysis
this is a form of classification:
Ex. drugs come from plants such as opiates which are derived from opium poppy
origin of the drug
this is a form of classification:
Ex. amphetamines are used as appetite-suppressant drugs
what is the drug good at treating (can be used for alternative recreational uses and effects
therapeutic use
this is a form of classification:
ex. alc is categorized as a depressant drug because of its depressive action on the CNS
site of drug action
this is a form of classification:
where the drug acts in the brain:
ex. does it impact reward directly or indirectly? where in the body does it cause a physical change?
site of drug action
(drugs that differ widely in chem structure or mechanism MIGHT affect the same body site)
this is a form of classification:
ex. barbituates are synthetic compounds derived from barbituric acid
chemical stricture
this is a form of classification:
how does a drug produce its drug effects? what does this drug do the cell, membrane etc.
two drugs can get to the same area but in different ways
mechanism of action
this is a form of classification:
drugs that society generally thinks about.
ex: “downers”=depressants
“Speed”=amphetamines
street name
what are the 6 ways to classify a drug?
- Origin of the drug
- Therapeutic use
- Site of drug action
- Chemical structure
- Mechanism of action
- Street Name
Primary classification is by the drugs …. on mood thinking and behavior
EFFECTS of the drug on mood thinking and behavior
what type of drug is this?
moderate doses- wakefulness,sense of energy and well being
high doses- manic excitement (hallucinations/paranoia)
stimulant drugs
what type of drug is this?
low doses- relaxation, talkativeness, disinhibition (more likely to say things you normally would not say)
high doses- slowed rxn. time, incoordination, unconsciousness
depressant drugs
what type of drug is this?
adderall and cocaine
stimulant drugs
what type of drug is this?
benzodiazepines (xynax) and alc
depressant drugs
what type of drug is this?
low to moderate dose- painkilling, produced relaxed dreamlike state
moderate to high- sleep
opiates (narcotics)
what type of drug is this?
opium,morphine,fentanyl
opiates (narcotics)
what type of drug is this?
creates an altered perception of time, visuals and audio
hallucinogens (LSD, Shrooms)
