ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS 2.0

Question 1

Science that deals with the application of
various animal principles purposely to
improve or enhance the performance of
livestock and poultry species

Answer 1

ANIMAL BREEDING

Question 2

Art and science of the genetic improvement
of farm animals

Answer 2

ANIMAL BREEDING

Question 3

process where certain individuals in a
population are preferred to others for the
production of the next generation. This could be
natural or artificial

Answer 3

Selection

Question 4

method used when genetic
progress is aimed over a group of two or three
traits one at a time; time consuming

Answer 4

Tandem method

Question 5

each trait should
meet a certain standard set for the purpose

Answer 5

Independent culling method

Question 6

most applicable when selecting
for more than one quantitative trait. It
includes all the traits simultaneously with
their corresponding importance or weights

Answer 6

Selection index

Question 7

progenies are produced by
parents more closely related by descent

Answer 7

Inbreeding

Question 8

decrease in the
performance of the inbred

Answer 8

Inbreeding depression

Question 9

–form of inbreeding which
concentrates the inheritance of one
ancestor or one line of ancestors in the
line bred individuals. Used only in a
purebred population of a high degree of
excellence

Answer 9

Line breeding

Question 10

mating of closely
related animals

Answer 10

Inbreeding

Question 11

mating of animals of two or
more different breeds

Answer 11

Crossbreeding

Question 12

mating of unrelated
individuals within the same breed

Answer 12

Outcrosssing

Question 13

2 different purebred animals
are used to produce a crossbreed progeny

Answer 13

Two breed cross

Question 14

continuation of the
two breed cross where F1 females are mated
to unrelated males from one or the other of
the two original purebreds used in the two
breed cross

Answer 14

Backcross or crisscross

Question 15

involves a three-breed
rotation cross

Answer 15

Three breed cross

Question 16

Four way and even five breed terminal crosses

Answer 16

1. Two-way cross
2. Three- way cross – mating of three different breeds of pigs
3. Four-way cross or hybridization
   Back crosses - the crossed animal, AB, mated with either line A or B.

Question 17

increase the exotic
bloodline of usually a native breed

Answer 17

Upgrading or grading up

Question 18

mating of males and females
which are considered top in their performance
pedigrees

Answer 18

Topcrosssing

Question 19

increases the number of
genetically superior progenies from proven sires
and dams.

Answer 19

Artificial Insemination

Question 19

-MATING OF UNRELATED ANIMALS WITHIN THE
SAME BREED

Answer 19

OUTCROSSING (PUREBREEDING)

Question 20

-IMPROVE BLOODLINE OF NATIVE BREED

Answer 20

UPGRADING OR GRADING–UP

Question 21

techniques that construct new
combinations of DNA molecules that do not exist
naturally

Answer 21

Genetic engineering or recombinant DNA
technology

Question 22

the administration of
hormone to a group of mammalian females
causing them to come into heat (estrus) at or near
at the same time.

Answer 22

Estrus synchronization

Question 23

a reproductive technology in
which embryos from donor females are collected
and transferred in fresh or frozen form to
recipient females.

Answer 23

Embryo transfer

Question 24

the administration of hormone causing a female to develop and release more eggs than normal.

Answer 24

Superovulation

Question 25

a technique by which eggs are collected from donor females, then mature (in vitro maturation) and fertilized in the laboratory.

Answer 25

In-vitro fertilization

Question 26

a reproductive technology for producing genetically identical individuals.

Answer 26

Cloning

Question 27

a reproductive technology in which embryos are mechanically cut in half to produce twin embryos.

Answer 27

Embryo splitting (bisection)