Animal Growth/Growth Promoters

Question 1

Why are more cattle grading choice and prime?

Answer 1

Animals are bigger, more feed efficient, and fed for longer.

Question 2

Cattle numbers

Answer 2

Decreasing

Question 3

Yield Grade

Answer 3

Estimate of edible product

Question 4

Most edible product

Answer 4

lean muscle (little to no marbling)

Question 5

Less edible product

Answer 5

Fat

Question 6

Bone Growth

Answer 6

Muscle and Ligament attachment; support

Question 7

Skeletal Muscle Growth

Answer 7

Edible product; maximize

Question 8

Adipose tissue

Answer 8

fat = flavor

Question 9

Nutrition Partitioning

Answer 9

Systems (nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, reproductive) then tissues (skeletal, muscular, adipose)

Question 10

Order of Priority for Nutritional Absorbtion

Answer 10

Essential systems -> bone -> muscle -> adipose

Question 11

Ideal Growth

Answer 11

Exponential curve; happens in utero

Question 12

Optimal Growth

Answer 12

Sigmoidal curve; post natal

Question 13

“Lag Phase”

Answer 13

A time period of stress that causes growth to plateau

Question 14

Fractional Growth Rate

Answer 14

ADG; Live Weight; bell curve

Question 15

Small Frame

Answer 15

Finishes faster, less product

Question 16

Large Frame

Answer 16

Finishes slower, more product

Question 17

Why will a “runt” stay a runt?

Answer 17

Receiving fewer nutrients in utero means that there are fewer muscle cells

Question 18

Compensatory Growth

Answer 18

A period of accelerated growth after a period of nutrient restriction (backgrounding)

Question 19

Harsh or Prolonged Nutrient Restriction results in…?

Answer 19

stunted growth

Question 20

Physical composition changes

Answer 20

bone, muscle, fat

Question 21

chemical composition changes

Answer 21

water, protein, lipids, ash

Question 22

what makes up 75-78% of muscle

Answer 22

water

Question 23

muscle growth curve

Answer 23

sigmoidal

Question 24

fat growth curve

Answer 24

exponential

Question 25

myo

Answer 25

muscle

Question 25

When does muscle growth start

Answer 25

end of 1st trimester

Question 26

genesis

Answer 26

growth

Question 27

myogenesis

Answer 27

period of muscle growth

Question 28

Marbling window

Answer 28

150-250 days old (interrupted by weaning)

Question 29

Marbling growth curve

Answer 29

linear; lifelong

Question 30

subcutaneous fat

Answer 30

back fat

Question 31

intermuscular fat

Answer 31

seam between muscles

Question 32

intramuscular fat

Answer 32

marbling "within the muscle"

Question 33

Measurements of growth

Answer 33

weight + hip height

Question 34

frame score

Answer 34

hip height + age

Question 35

Non-growth weight factors

Answer 35

water/feed weight; pregnancy; tumors/abscesses