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Animal Health Test 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

What herd history do you look at?

A

Morbidity, Mortality, suddenness of onset, appearance of dead, look at overall herd.

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2
Q

What should observations include

A

Behavior, Skin, secretions, fill, resiritory rate, movement and temp

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3
Q

normal bovine temp

A

101.5

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4
Q

Post mortem

A

examinations of dead animal, should be done within 2 or three hours of death

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5
Q

cultures

A

Organism grown in a lab in a dish.

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6
Q

define obstetrical

A

assistance in calving

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7
Q

best type of treatment

A

Preventative, which is a minipulation of production variables.

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8
Q

Gram Positive Organisms

A

usually easier to treat and control

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9
Q

Gram Negative Organism

A

more severe and harder to treat

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10
Q

Sulfa Based Drucks

A

make sure animal is hydrated first. This allows it to work and stop replication of invacing organisms

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11
Q

Diuretic

A

increase the excretion of urin

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12
Q

Nutritional treatments

A

Vitamins, amino acids and glucose. Injected

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13
Q

Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

A

Nuflor, Resflor, Draxxin, Baytril, Zuprevo

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14
Q

Best absorption of meds

A

giving through IV

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15
Q

Second fastest absorption of meds

A

giving Interperitioneal

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16
Q

Signs of Anaphylactic Shock

A

Rapid breathing, swelling of eyelids, salavation, Incoordination, collapse and death

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17
Q

What is treatment for Anaphlyactic Shock

A

Epinephrine

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18
Q

Septicemia

A

Whole body infection in the blood (blood poisoning)

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19
Q

Railer

A

Chronic, only good for salvage value

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20
Q

What are the causative organisms?

A

Bacteria, Virus, Fungus, Protozoan

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21
Q

What amount of weather swing gets cattle sick?

A

40 degree swings, starting looking at 30

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22
Q

Factors to the onset of disease

A

Contaminated air, nutrition, water, heredity, Climate and Weather.

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23
Q

Define Endemic

A

occurs regularly in a specific area

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24
Q

Epizootic

A

widespread, affects many animals over a wide area.

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25
Routes of infection
Ingetion, Direct contact, inhalation, coitus, parasites, contact, direct exposure
26
define virulent
fast growing and produces severe disease
27
Different forms of Defense
Antibodies, Tissue resistance, Phagocytes of white blood corpuscles
28
Natural Immunity
Passive immunity and active immunity
29
Acquired immunity
Naturally acquired, artificially acquired.
30
Antiserum
Blood serum from a highly immunized animal. fast immunity but short lived.
31
Killed Virus Vaccine
Stimulates the production of antibodies when injected
32
MLV
no longer causes the disease but creates immunity
33
Antitoxin
antiserum, blood serum made in response to toxin producing organsim
34
Anemia
to little blood
35
Leukemia
abnormal increase in white blood cells
36
Leukopenia
abnormal decrease in white blood cells
37
Septicemia
blood poisoning
38
Uremia
accumulation of urea toxic waste in the blood. normally has kidney disease. waste are not filtered out
39
Edema
excessive fluid accumulation in tissue leases to swelling
40
Signs of inflammation
heat, redness, swelling, pain, disturbed function
41
causes of inflammation
mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical
42
Symptoms of fever
Change in body temp, increase heart rate, change in membrane excretions, increased thirst, occasional shivering, depressed appetite.
43
Where is hardware disease located
Reticulum
44
Bloat
accumulation of gases in rumen
45
How do animals die in bloat
Absorption of toxic substances, and pressure on internal organs
46
Causes of bloat
Change in compostion of pasture plants, alot of small grains in diet, lush legume pastures, clovers, blockage
47
Bloat prevention
High Fiber in diet, dont turn out hungry cattle, fill them up first.
48
Symptoms of bloat
large left side, labored breathing, staggered gait, goes down or collapses
49
Scours
rapid discharge of food materials due to nutritional disorder or infection.
50
Acute acidosis
Overload, overeating of grain and other highly fermentable feeds. Typically in the feedlot.
51
symptoms of acidosis
dry muzzle, increased reparatory rate, dehydration, drunk walk, depression, seem very full. Wont eat for a few days
52
Rumenitis
Liver abscess complex that starts in the rumen
53
How to prevent rumenitis
make gradual rotion changes
54
symptoms of Ketosis
Constipation, mucous covered shit, weight loss.
55
how to cure ketosis
Drench with Propylene Glycol
56
What does a cow with milk fever look like
cow down with head in her flank
57
how to treat milk fever
CMPK
58
Grass Tetany
Wheat pasture poisoning. Lack of magnesiym in the blood. Cattle will have severe paddling convulsions.
59
Cure for grass tetany
CMPK
60
Prevention of grass tetany
Increase salt intake, good mineral program
61
Prevention of pinkeye
Fly control and vaccines
62
Treatment of pinkeye
cover it
63
Where does cancer eye start
Nictitating membrane, outside of eye
64
Pathology by parasites
Absorption of food, blood sucking, tussue damage, mechanical obstruction, toxin production.
65
Location of infection
Digestive tract, Lungs, Liver, kidneys, skin
66
Treatment for flukes
Ivomec +, Valbazen
67
What kind of wormer kills tapeworms
White drench only
68
Biggest loss in cattle profits
Roundworms
69
Baddest roundworm
Ostertagia
70
Two families of wormers
White dewormers, Avermectins,
71
White dewormers
Safe Guard, Valbazen, Synanthic
72
Avermectins
Ivomec, Dectomax, Cydectin
73
Managment practices recommended to reduce internal parasite problems
Raise feed bunks, rotate pastures, never overgraze, keep nutrition level high, Dung Beetles.
74
Reasons to control external parasites
Weight Loss, damage, disease prevention, death loss
75
Types of Insecticides
Organic phosphates, Pyrethroids, Avermectins
76
Symptoms of insectiside poisoning
Severe headache, lack of coordination, nausea, blurred vision, muscle weakness and twitching, excessive salivation and eye watering
77
Safety measures with insectisides
Read the label, spray in ventilated areas, Avoid contact with skin, Proper meds available, keep a copy of the label.
78
50% of the estimated of annual loss to cattle from all categories of livestock
Biting Flies
79
Types of biting flies
Stable fly, horn fly, horse fly, grubs
80
economic threshhold of stable flies
5-8
81
What fly lay their eggs in undusturbed bovine manure
Horn Fly
82
Economic threshold of a horn fly
200
83
Major tick familes
Hard ticks and soft ticks
84
How do you control lice?
treating all the cattle at once with a pour on in late fall.

Ranch Managment (10 decks)

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