Animal Model 2

Question 1

What kind of drugs restore behaviours after depression?

Answer 1

tricyclic antidepressants

Question 2

Which drug is not effective in restoring behaviours? What class does it belong to?

Answer 2

chlorpromazine (neuroleptic/antipsychotic)

Question 3

What is the main finding of the Porsolt Forced Swim Test?

Answer 3

exposure to uncontrollable aversive events –> decreased motivation to respond –>”learned helplessness”

Question 4

What was the effect of treating rodents with antidepressants in the Porsolt Forced Swim Test?

Answer 4

increased swimming time

Question 5

Which anxiolytic increased swimming time in the forced swim test?

Answer 5

buspirone

Question 6

What was the effect of using fluoxetine in the forced swim test? What class of drug is fluoxetine?

Answer 6

• SSRI
• decreased immobility, increased swimming

Question 7

What was the effect of using reboxetine in the forced swim test? What class of drug is reboxetine?

Answer 7

• NRI
• decreased immobility, increased climbing

Question 8

Which drugs were used in the forced swim test to reverse the effects of learned helplessness?

Answer 8

• buspirone
• fluoxetine
• reboxetine

Question 9

What did the tail suspension test assess? What did it measure?

Answer 9

behavioural despair; measure amt of time spent immobile

Question 10

What kind of drugs were used to prolong attempts to correct positioning in the tail suspension test?

Answer 10

antidepressants (SSRIs)

Question 11

What paradigm is the elevated plus maze based on?

Answer 11

rodents would rather be in the enclosed arms

Question 12

Which anxiolytic drug is used in the elevated plus maze? What class?

Answer 12

LORAZEPAM (benzodiazepine)

Question 13

Which drug increased anxiety in the elevated plus maze? What class?

Answer 13

YOHIMIBINE (alpha2 agonist)

Question 14

Which drug caused a greater latency to enter open arms in the elevated plus maze?

Answer 14

yohimbine

Question 15

What is the vogel conflict test used for?

Answer 15

standard for fast screening the potential anxiolytic properties of drugs

Question 16

How does the vogel conflict test work?

Answer 16

drinking behaviour punished by mild electrical shocks –> decrease water consumption –> drinking responses restored with anxiolytic drugs

Question 17

Explain the defensive burying model.

Answer 17

probe looks like snake –> triggers defensive burying behaviour –> anxiolytic drugs decrease burying

Question 18

What does the Y maze test?

Answer 18

spatial memory

Question 19

What kind of lesions can impair spatial memory?

Answer 19

hippocampal lesions

Question 20

What does the morris water maze assess?

Answer 20

spatial memory

Question 21

What kind of mouse model was used in the morris water maze?

Answer 21

fragile X mouse model

Question 22

What is a reversal trial?

Answer 22

task is purposefully made difficult

Question 23

What drugs impair learning and memory?

Answer 23

benzodiazepines, scopolamine

Question 24

Which drugs were used to treat impaired spatial memory in the morris water maze?

Answer 24

donezipil, rivastigmine, memantine

Question 25

donezipil (aricept)

Answer 25

cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 26

Which neurotransmitter is important for memory and thinking skills?

Answer 26

ACh

Question 27

rivastigmine (exelon)

Answer 27

cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 28

memantine (namenda)

Answer 28

regulate activity of glutamate

Question 29

Which neurotransmitter serves to process, store, and retrieve info?

Answer 29

glutamate

Question 30

What does the radial arm maze assess?

Answer 30

spatial reference and working memory

Question 31

How many are are used in the radial arm maze and how many are blocked?

Answer 31

8 arms; 4 blocked

Question 32

What is another name for the radial arm maze?

Answer 32

delayed match-to-sample test

Question 33

During which phase of the radial arm maze can a working memory error occur? reference memory error?

Answer 33

- working memory error --> both training and test phase - reference memory error --> only test phase

Question 34

What is a working memory error in the radial arm maze? reference memory error?

Answer 34

- working: re-entry of an arm that has been baited - reference: entry into arm that was baited during training but no longer baited in test

Question 35

What is a working memory error in the radial arm maze? reference memory error?

Answer 35

- working: re-entry of an arm that has been baited - reference: entry into arm that was baited during training but no longer baited in test

Question 36

What does the social interaction test assess? How does it assess this?

Answer 36

- assess sociability - can mouse recognize new 'stranger' mouse

Question 37

Which test is used as a screen in models for autism, fragile X, schizophrenia, etc.?

Answer 37

social interaction test

Question 38

What kind of drugs increase social interaction?

Answer 38

anxiolytic compounds: benzodiazepines, ethanol, barbiturates (all GABA agonists)

Question 39

what kind of drugs decrease social interaction?

Answer 39

anxiogenic compounds: CRF