ANIMAL NUTRITION AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 4

Question 1

a saclike organ that secretes gastric digestive juices

Answer 1

stomach

Question 2

The stomach is also the major site for _________ in animals other than ruminants.

Answer 2

protein digestion

Question 3

Protein digestion is mediated by an enzyme called

Answer 3

pepsin

Question 4

Pepsin is secreted by the _______ in the stomach in an________ called _______

Answer 4

chief cells
inactive form
pepsinogen

Question 5

________ secrete hydrogen and chloride ions, which combine in the lumen to form hydrochloric acid

Answer 5

parietal cells

Question 6

the primary acidic component of the stomach juices

Answer 6

hydrochloric acid

Question 7

helps to convert the inactive pepsinogen to pepsin.

Answer 7

hydrochloric acid

Question 8

is facilitated by the churning action of the stomach

Answer 8

Chemical digestion

Question 9

The partially digested food and gastric juice mixture is called

Answer 9

chyme

Question 10

Further protein digestion takes place in the

Answer 10

small intestine.

Question 11

Gastric emptying occurs within _____ to ___ hours after a meal.

Answer 11

2 and 6

Question 12

The movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine is regulated by the

Answer 12

pyloric sphincter

Question 13

are open wounds in or on an organ caused by bacteria

Answer 13

Ulcers

Question 14

the organ where the digestion of protein, fats, and carbohydrates is completed

Answer 14

small intestine

Question 15

The small intestine is a long tube-like organ with a highly folded surface containing finger-like projections called the

Answer 15

villi

Question 16

The apical surface of each villus has many microscopic projections called

Answer 16

microvilli

Question 17

Absorbed nutrients in the blood are carried into the ___________, which leads to the liver.

Answer 17

hepatic portal vein

Question 18

regulates the distribution of nutrients to the rest of the body and removes toxic substances, including drugs, alcohol, and some pathogens.

Answer 18

the liver

Question 19

The human small intestine is over __ long and is divided into three parts: ___, ____, and _____

Answer 19

6m
the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum.

Question 20

The “C-shaped,” fixed part of the small intestine is called the

Answer 20

duodenum

Question 21

separated from the stomach by the pyloric sphincter which opens to allow chyme to move from the stomach to the duodenum.

Answer 21

duodenum

Question 22

In the duodenum, chyme is mixed with pancreatic juices in an alkaline solution rich in bicarbonate that neutralizes the acidity of chyme and acts as a buffer.

Question 23

____ is produced in the liver and stored and concentrated in the ____.

Answer 23

Bile
gallbladder

Question 24

emulsify lipids while the pancreas produces enzymes that catabolize starches, disaccharides, proteins, and fats.

Answer 24

bile salts

Question 25

Absorption of fatty acids also takes place in the

Answer 25

duodenum

Question 26

The second part of the small intestine is called the

Answer 26

jejunum

Question 27

the last part of the small intestine and here the bile salts and vitamins are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Answer 27

ileum

Question 28

reabsorbs the water from the undigested food material and processes the waste material.

Answer 28

large intestine

Question 29

three parts of the large intestine

Answer 29

the cecum, the colon, and the rectum

Question 30

the colon/large intestine can be divided into four regions

Answer 30

the ascending colon,
the transverse colon,
the descending colon, and
the sigmoid colon